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Recent News and Articles on the Keywords: gun violence + more likely + more  Related to the article below (Last Update: 7/8/2008)

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Source: Google News

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A Blumstein, D Cork - Law & Contemp. Probs., 1996 - HeinOnline
... directly attributable to a propensity for violence.8 If ... the perpetrator, then the
presence of a gun as the suicide instrument is far more likely than other ...

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LW Sherman, DP Rogan - Just. Q., 1995 - HeinOnline
... As youthful gun violence has exploded-with Washington, DC juvenile arrests three
times more likely than adult arrests to include gun charges (Lewis 1995)-young ...

Firearms, Violence and Public Policy -
FE Zimring - Scientific American Dated:(November 1991), 1991 - ncjrs.gov
... the United States has more gun control laws than any other country in the world,
Americans are more likely to be victims of gun-related violence, and social ...

Adolescent Sexual Behavior, Drug Use, and Violence: Increased Reporting with Computer Survey … -
CF Turner, L Ku, SM Rogers, LD Lindberg, JH Pleck, … - Science, 1998 - sciencemag.org
... 4). Respondents in the audio-CASI mode were more likely to report that they had
carried a gun in the ... found in reports of threats of violence, both those ...

Recent Trends in Violence-Related Behaviors Among High School Students in the United States -
ND Brener, TR Simon, EG Krug, R Lowry - JAMA, 1999 - Am Med Assoc
... Therefore, although the reductions in gun carrying and ... communities need to work together
to prevent violence. ... 18 These adolescents are more likely than their in ...

Inside the Brain: Revolutionary Discoveries of How the Mind Works -
R Kotulak - Preventive Medicine, 1998 - Elsevier
... ing gun of violence. ... new tools of molecular biology and genet- ics, scientists have
learned more about the ... tion on the one hand and overexposed to violence and ...

Profiles of violent youth: substance use and other concurrent problems -
P Ellickson - American Journal of Public Health, 1997 - Am Public Health Assoc
... violence co-occurring with three or more other problems ... Hudson, and LA Rosignon-
Carmouche Anger, Violence, and Academic ... youth access to alcohol or a gun in the ...

Youth Violence, Guns, and the Illicit-Drug Industry -
A Blumstein - Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 1995 - questia.com
... chain, and by using the gun serial number to ... of addressing the problem of youth violence
involves the ... identification in a robbery is more likely because of ...

Community violence and children on Chicago?s southside -
CC Bell, EJ Jenkins - Children and violence, 1993 - books.google.com
... reported ever having pulled a gun on anyone ... COMMUNITY VIOLENCE AND CHILDREN: CHICAGO
the screening of the ... had been assaulted, but girls were more likely to know ...

[PDF] Violence and Psychiatric Disorder in the Community: Evidence From the Epidemiologic Catchment Area … -
JW Swanson, CE Holzer, VK Ganju, RT Jono - ps, 1990 - Am Psychiatric Assoc
... Subjects with alcohol or drug use disorders were more than twice as likely as those ...
and those seen in clinical settings equally prone toward violence? ...

Source: Google Scholar
 
 

Witnesses to gun violence more likely to commit violent crimes

 
 
Researchers at Harvard Medical School ( HMS ) found that young teens who witnessed gun violence were more than twice as likely as non-witnesses to commit violent crime themselves in the following years.

The study has been published in Science.

" Based on this study's results, showing the importance of personal contact with violence, the best model for violence may be that of a socially infectious disease," says Felton Earls, HMS and principal investigator of the study and of the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods. " Preventing one violent crime may prevent a downstream cascade of 'infections'. And the lessons learned in Chicago should be broadly applicable. Generalizing this to any large city should be valid.”

The study, a five-year project that included interviews of over 1,500 children and teenagers from 78 Chicago neighborhoods, used statistical advances and extremely detailed information about the study subjects to go beyond the correlations and associations typically used by social scientists to determine violent behavior. " We have a broad range of factors, and a long course of study, so we can tease out the causal mechanisms," said first author Jeffrey Bingenheimer, at the University of Michigan.

Previous work has shown that a large network of factors pushes or pulls young people away from or into violent crime. Researchers suspected that exposure to violence in the community played a role, but many argued that a common factor, perhaps in family structure or personality, might be the common cause of both exposure to violence and later acts of violence. Demonstrating cause and effect with a controlled experiment, deliberately exposing some children to mayhem, would be ethically impossible.

But by grouping together and comparing teens with similar likelihood of exposure, some of whom were and some of whom were not actually witnesses to violence, the researchers were able to isolate the independent contribution made by seeing gun violence. And it turned out to be large, swamping other single factors like poverty, drug use, or being raised by a single parent.

The researchers studied the subject teens at three points in their adolescence. Initially they and their caregivers were intensively interviewed and data was collected about their families, personalities, neighborhoods, school performance, and many other factors; this allowed the researchers to group the teens by their propensity to witness gun violence.
Two years later, the subjects were interviewed to see which of them had actually seen someone being shot, or shot at.
Finally, almost three years further on, they were interviewed again to determine who had participated in gang violence or other violent actions.

After finding that witnessing violence more than doubled the risk that teens would violently offend, the team looked at their statistics to check whether an unknown factor could be hiding from them.
They found that something significant would have to be at work to change the findings substantially, and it would have to be uncorrelated with the factors they did examine.

There is no shortage of medical ways to view urban violence, but the challenge for social medicine researchers is to choose the best one - is violence a product of families, akin to a hereditary disorder ? Or is violence like an environmental contaminant, lurking in some communities and leaving others unscathed ? Based this study's results, showing the importance of personal contact with violence, Earls feels the best model may be an socially contagious disease.

This study was part of the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods, a major interdisciplinary study aimed at deepening society's understanding of the causes and pathways of juvenile delinquency, adult crime, substance abuse, and violence.

Source: Harvard Medical School, 2005
 
 
 
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