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Recent News and Articles on the Keywords: genes linked + treat children + resistance  Related to the article below (Last Update: 7/1/2008)

HIV 'locked out' of sabotaged cells
New Scientist (subscription), UK -
Mice have been made resistant to HIV by sabotaging a gene in the blood cells that the virus normally infects. Researchers who developed the treatment at ...
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Daily Mail
Your personality type could decide what makes you ill
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Most human traits are also linked to genes, says Dr Dean Hamer of the US National Cancer Institute, a world authority on the subject. ...
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Genes And Depression
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all 10 news articles »
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Source: Google News

Evidence for Zanamivir Resistance in an Immunocompromised Child Infected with Influenza B Virus -
LV Gubareva, MN Matrosovich, MK Brenner, RC … - The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1998 - UChicago Press
... 2-3)- and a(2-6)-linked sialic acids ... Neuraminidase Inhibitors Due to Mutations in
the Hemagglutinin Gene. ... 2000) Zanamivir for treatment of symptomatic ...

Polymorphism of the Pfmdr1 gene and chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum in The Gambia -
L von Seidlein, MT Duraisingh, CJ Drakeley, R … - Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and …, 1997 - Elsevier
... m&e than 10 years, the majority of chil- dren (83%) cleared their narasitaemia
following treat- ment ?with ... resistance not linked to mdr-like genes in a ...

Intensity of malaria transmission, antimalarial-drug use and resistance in Uganda: what is the … -
AO Talisuna, P Langi, N Bakyaita, T Egwang, TK … - Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and …, 2002 - Elsevier
... If this strain carries genes linked to drug resis ... clearance of parasites after treat-
ment without ... these assump- tions, approximately 42 children were required ...

Correction of X-linked chronic granulomatous disease by gene therapy, augmented by insertional … -
MG Ott, M Schmidt, K Schwarzwaelder, S Stein, U … - Nat Med, 2006 - medscape.com
... Treatment of chronic granulomatous disease with myeloablative ... of host defense following
gene transfer and ... late presentation of X-linked chronic granulomatous ...

Antibiotic Resistance of Helicobacter pylori Strains in Japanese Children -
S Kato, S Fujimura, H Udagawa, T Shimizu, S … - Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2002 - pubmedcentral.nih.gov
... of clarithromycin resistance increased significantly with treatment failure. ... the
A2144G mutation in the 23S rRNA gene of H. pylori is linked to clarithromycin ...

… upregulation of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) increases resistance to radiation induced … -
M Holcik, C Yeh, RG Korneluk, T Chow - nature.com
... This wide use of radiation treatment stems from the ability of ... HIAP1 (c-IAP2, MIHC,
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… chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt) gene and its relation to chloroquine resistance in … -
AG Mayor, X Gomez-Olive, JJ Aponte, S Casimiro, S … - J Infect Dis, 2001 - UChicago Press
... between age and the parasitologic outcome after treatment, which suggests that ... the
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Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Children With No Identified … -
BC Herold, LC Immergluck, MC Maranan, DS … - JAMA, 1998 - Am Med Assoc
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Evidence for selection for the tyrosine-86 allele of the pfmdr 1 gene of Plasmodium falciparum by … -
MT DURAISINGH, CJ DRAKELEY, O MULLER, R BAILEY, G … - Parasitology, 1997 - Cambridge Univ Press
... Several alleles of the multidrug resistance gene are closely linked to chloroquine ...
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[CITATION] Gene therapy clinical trials worldwide 1989?2004?an overview -
JG Med - J Gene Med, 2004
... the first report from France of successful treatment of children ... from a rare form
of X-linked severe combined ... is caused by mutations of the gene encoding the ...

Source: Google Scholar
 
 

Genes linked to treatment resistance in children with leukaemia

 
 
Researchers from St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, the University of Tennessee, and the University of Chicago studied how an individual's genetics might play a role in the effectiveness of chemotherapy drugs.

The researchers studied 246 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), all of whom were assigned to one of two groups that determined the intensity of therapy. Patients with poorer prognostic factors – 130 children – were assigned to a high-risk group; the remaining children were enrolled in the lower-risk arm.

DNA was extracted from the normal blood cells of each child and screened for sixteen common genetic variations. The studied genes code for enzymes which are involved in the metabolism and activity of chemotherapy drugs in the body, and were therefore likely to have effects on treatment outcomes.

In the analysis of the high-risk group, the GSTM1 non-null genotype was associated with hematological relapse, a recurrence of the cancer in the blood and bone marrow and the most common reason for treatment failure in childhood ALL. This risk was further increased if the child also had a TYMS 3/3 genotype. No genotype was associated with hematological relapse among patients in the lower-risk arm of the study.

The researchers also looked for evidence of leukemia in each patient's central nervous system ( CNS ), a region that is vulnerable to infiltration by cancer cells. Genetic variations may have particular impact on how drugs penetrate the "blood-brain" barrier that protects the CNS. For patients in the high-risk arm, the VDR FokI genotype was found to be prognostic for CNS relapse, especially when combined with a VDR intron 8 genotype. In the low-risk group, the TYMS 3/3 genotype was a risk factor.

For children with these unfavorable genotypes, a potential solution may be using drugs that are not affected by these particular enzymes or increasing the dosage of drugs that are. And, in the future, a simple blood test may be all that's needed to make that determination.

"This research showcases a new direction for cancer treatment – personalized chemotherapy based on the genetics of the patient," said Mary Relling, lead study author. " In our study, several common genetic variations were found to predict the outcomes of leukemia patients, demonstrating that genotyping may become an important tool for tailoring treatment and improving an individual's chance of a cure."

Source: American Society of Hematology, 2005
 
 
 
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