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Chest X-rays may raise breast cancer risk for some
Researchers report that exposure to chest X-rays has a "relatively large effect" on breast cancer risk in women who are carriers of BRCA mutations, which increase their susceptibility to breast cancer.
Studies have shown that young girls who receive repeated X-rays for assessment of curvature of the spine have an increased risk of breast cancer.
Dr. David Goldgar of Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, and colleagues evaluated data on 1601 women who were either BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers and were exposed to routine, occasional and conventional chest X-rays, to assess their risk of breast cancer.
These women already have a high risk of breast cancer even without the possible extra risk conferred by chest X-rays.
The investigators found that any reported exposure to chest X-rays was associated with a 54 percent increase in the chance of developing breast cancer.
Women 40 years old or younger had an even higher risk of breast cancer after chest X-ray exposure with an increase of 97 percent. BRCA1/2 mutation carriers exposed to chest X-rays before age 20 had a more than 4-fold higher risk, the researchers report in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
The researchers say a careful analysis of the risks and benefits of chest X-rays in young women with BRCA1/2 mutations is needed.
SOURCE: Journal of Clinical Oncology, July 20, 2006.
Newer breast cancer drug seen safer than tamoxifen
August 2, 2006 04:26:18 PM PST
As add-on therapy for early-stage breast cancer, the drug anastrozole, known by the brand name Arimidex, is less likely than tamoxifen to cause adverse effects, including serious events and those leading to treatment discontinuation, new research suggests.
In 2005, the results of the "Arimidex, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination (ATAC) trial were published and showed a benefit for Arimidex over tamoxifen in terms of disease-free survival," Dr. Joan Houghton, from University College London, told Reuters Health. "With the current analysis, we just wanted to make sure Arimidex was as safe as tamoxifen."
Arimidex does increase the risk of bone fractures, which Houghton said was anticipated, but the risk does not extend beyond the treatment phase and is easily managed. However, the newer agent has a better safety profile than tamoxifen.
The current ATAC analysis, which appears in the medical journal Lancet Oncology, includes follow-up data for 3125 women who completed 5 years of treatment with anastrozole and 3116 similar women treated with tamoxifen. The average follow-up period was 68 months.
The overall rate of side effects was significantly lower with anastrozole than with tamoxifen: 61 percent vs. 68 percent. Serious side effects were nearly half as common with anastrozole: 5 percent vs. 9 percent.
Eleven percent of anastrozole-treated patients experienced side effects leading to treatment discontinuation compared with 14 percent of tamoxifen-treated patients.
Tamoxifen has received much praise since it first became available in the 1970s, but, Houghton said, the newer types of drugs such as anastrozole "have really knocked tamoxifen off its perch."
The study was funded by AstraZeneca, which developed both Arimidex and tamoxifen (Nolvadex), although the latter agent has been available in a generic form for several years.
