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Leukaemia drug 'major discovery in cancer fight'
A leukaemia drug that a government watchdog wanted to deny to NHS patients is being hailed as the biggest breakthrough in cancer therapy for a generation.
The drug Glivec, prescribed for the most common form of leukaemia, has reduced the deadly cancer to an illness managed by taking a single pill a day.
But initially the drug licensing body, the National Institute for Clinical Health and Excellence (NICE), did not want to make it available to patients on the NHS. It only relented in 2002 after an outcry by doctors and patients.
Test results show that it has kept alive 90 per cent of patients suffering from chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) who have taken it over the last four years.
Specialists have said CML sufferers who are taking Glivec, in a one-a-day pill form, are now classed as chronically ill, as they will no longer die from this strain of leukaemia.
Before the drug was developed, the cancer would become advanced within four to six years, giving little hope of survival. Out of the 90 per cent who survived on the drug over the last few years, many would otherwise have died.
CML is a blood cancer in which the white blood cells do not mature properly. Sufferers can develop tumours in their lymph glands and bone marrow. They are also more likely to develop strokes. Between 600 and 800 Britons are diagnosed with CML every year, and around 3,000 suffer from the disease in total.
One of the first patients to be given Glivec, Sandy Craine, said: "When Glivec became available five years ago, I would never have believed I would be standing here today.
"I was diagnosed in 1999 in the accelerated phase of CML and was told that, without invasive chemotherapy, followed by a stem cell transplant, I had about 12 months to live."
'Message of hope'
She added: "Glivec saved my life, and I am grateful I can pass on this message of hope to others diagnosed with this once devastating disease." The drug, manufactured by pharmaceutical firm Novartis, costs £14,000 per patient per year.
Glivec prevents the cancer cells from multiplying by blocking the signals instructing the cancer cells to grow. Sufferers will be advised to take Glivec as long as they benefit from it, sometimes for life.
Professor Charles Craddock, of the University of Birmingham, said: "There was major scepticism that a single drug would give a prolonged response, but it has. The trial shows a highly durable response."
He added: "In 10, 15 or 20 years time, we could have treatments based on the Glivec experience that knock out the cells that cause the problems.
"The significant success of Glivec in treating CML is an exciting model for the development of new treatments for other cancers."
Doctors trialling the drug on sufferers of Gist, a rare digestive tract condition, have reported good results, and plans are under way to use it on sufferers of prostate, lung and brain cancers.
Girls as young as nine should be given new jabs that prevent cervical cancer, doctors said last night.
The vaccines could be on sale in the UK by next spring and should be given to all girls and women between the ages of nine and 55, said cancer experts.
Pharmaceutical firms Glaxo-SmithKline and Merck are developing vaccines. Last night, Glaxo revealed its Cervarix vaccine protects older women.
Trials on hundreds of women aged between 25 and 55 showed the jab was 100 per cent effective against the two main strains of the virus implicated in cervical cancer.
Dr Phillipe Monteyne, the firm's head of vaccine development, told the American Society of Clinical Oncology's annual conference in Atlanta, Georgia: "We believe this vaccine is of huge benefit to all women up to at least 55 years old."
Ovarian cancer specialist Dr Robert Ozols said: "It should be given as a childhood vaccine to everybody."
