Doctors, researchers on quest for a cure News-Herald.com, OH - Nov 28, 2008 Instead of manipulating single genes, researchers use cells to fight the tumor. For instance, Ireland Cancer Center is researching the use of dendritic...
Postdoctoral position in transplant and tumor immunology Nature.com (subscription), UK - Nov 17, 2008 Experience in dendritic cell and T-cell biology, molecular biology, imaging, and in vivo mouse models is highly desired. The applicant MUST be able to ...
My Own Bucket List by Bernie Dahl, MD NewsReleaseWire.com (press release) - Jul 29, 2008 ... on my Optimize Your Life! book web site. ?When I die, I want to be all used up.? 1)Summit Aconcagua: I reached 21600 ft, in 1996 and 21700 ft. in 2002. ...
Region Digest Annapolis Capital, MD - Jul 29, 2008 Some 21700 lights will be replaced in Prince George's County by 2012, at a savings of about $250000. Pepco says high-pressure sodium fixtures give off a ...
[PDF]The multifrequency monitoring of microquasars. SS433 - SA Trushkin, NN Bursov, NA Nizhelskij - Journal reference: Bull. Spec. Astrophys. Obs, 2003 - arxiv.org ... The data of the flux density measurements are publicly-accessible as a web-program
for plotting the SS433 spectra ?on-line? on the web-server of the CATS ...
Low-spin manganese (II) and cobalt (III) complexes of N-aryl-2-pyridylazophenylamines: new … - A Saha, P Majumdar, S Goswami - Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions, 2000 - rsc.org ... Published on the Web 15th May 2000. ...0.38 V in addition to two high potential responses
occurring at ... 8580), 375 b (21580), 350 b (21000), 320 b (21700), 250(46500 ...
[PDF]CHILD INJURIES IN INDUSTRIALISED COUNTRIES I COUNTRIES - lshtm.ac.uk ... Union For further information about ECOHOST please refer to our web page: ... Internet
The World Wide Web was one of our most important sources of information. ...
Magnetic and other properties of iron-aluminum alloys melted in vacuo - TD Yensen, WA Gatward - ideals.uiuc.edu ... 17600 14000 13900 13800 13700 14200 21700 23900 30100 ... 59000 4 4 6.1 29 13.05 0.38
91500 91500 ... of Reinforced Concrete Beams: Resistance to Web Stresses, Series ...
[PDF]Evaluation of Region 2 Incident Response Program Using Archived Data - R Bertini, S Tantiyanugulchai, E Anderson, R … - Transportation Research Group, Portland State University, …, 2001 - its.pdx.edu Page 1. PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING TRANSPORTATION
RESEARCH GROUP OREGON DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Evaluation of Region 2 ...
Dendritic cell-based therapy uses tumor cells and danger signals to stimulate tumor immunity
A new type of immunotherapy in which dendritic cells are tricked into action against cancer when they are exposed to harmless pieces of viruses and bacteria is described in the journal Cancer Research.
Dendritic cells, the pacemakers of the immune system, are known to play a vital role in the initiation of the immune response but are often eluded by cancer.
In the study, researchers at the University of Pittsburgh, describe the creation of an animal model of an immunotherapy approach that, first used in cancer patients, uses patient's own tumor cells to stimulate anti-tumor immunity.
The discovery of the animal model will enable researchers to more fully understand and develop the approach.
" Cancer cells are very adept at camouflaging themselves and hiding from the immune system and this makes most cancers, including melanomas and lymphomas of the skin, extremely challenging to treat with existing immunotherapies," said Louis D. Falo, at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. " While we know that dendritic cells are necessary to activate a response against cancer as the first cells to present antigens to other cells of the immune system, they are often ineffective because they fail to recognize growing cancers as dangerous. What we describe is an immunotherapy approach that activates dendritic cells by using an external stimulus that mimics danger. This alerts the cells to activate a type of immune response that is particularly important for fighting cancer."
In the study, melanoma cells and dendritic cells from mice were removed, combined together in a culture dish and exposed to pieces of viruses and bacteria.
The researchers used the most aggressive mouse melanoma tumor, B16, which has multiple mechanisms to escape the immune system that are similar to those used by human cancers.
They found that the dendritic cells were able to extract antigens directly from tumor cells. By exposing the antigen-bearing dendritic cells to harmless pieces of bacteria and viruses that they preceived as dangerous, the researchers "tricked" them into recognizing the tumor as dangerous as well.
The alerted cells were then injected back into the mice where they successfully activated a particular T-cell response important for fighting tumors.
That response, called Th1, led to a significant reduction in tumor growth in the mice.
" Typically, tumors are able to grow in part by convincing the immune system that they are normal. Our goal was to mimic danger to wake up the dendritic cells and program them to stimulate the right type of immune response against the patients' own tumor cells," said Falo
.
The researchers further discovered that the Th1 response was enough to stop tumor growth on its own, indicating the importance of Th1-type immunity for tumor therapy. Prior to their discovery, researchers believed that a Th1 response was important, but that it worked primarily by activating another type of T-cell called a cytotoxic T-cell ( CTL ). These results suggest that it may be important to monitor Th1-type immunity in addition to CTL immunity when evaluating patients' responses to immunotherapy.
Interestingly, Falo has already found this approach to be successful in a preliminary study in cancer patients. But further progress has been hindered by the length of time and expense involved in such a clinical trial.
Unlike most therapy advances that are developed in animal models and then translated to patients, the "danger" signals used in this approach were developed using models based on human tissue. He believes that the creation of this animal model will enable further development of immune approaches to melanoma and other cancers, bringing new treatment options to patients who have failed available therapies.
Melanoma is the most serious form of skin cancer. Although it accounts for only 4 percent of all skin cancer cases, it causes most skin cancer-related deaths. Lymphomas of the skin, including cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, are diagnosed in approximately 16,000 to 20,000 people in the United States each year and are often difficult to diagnose in early stages.
Source: University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 2005
