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Why more mothers opt for a Caesarean

 Soaring Caesarean birth rates are fuelling concern that many are being carried out for reasons that are not strictly medical.

A survey found a dramatic increase in surgical births as women get older which cannot be accounted for by medical complications threatening either baby or mother.

The study came as experts analyse data from the first national inquiry into Caesarean sections, which is expected to show one baby in five is now delivered surgically.

Some believe the rise in Caesareans is caused by women demanding an 'easy' birth because they are 'too posh to push'.

There are also claims that career women are increasingly demanding births to fit in with busy work schedules.

Obstetricians worried about being sued if things go wrong may also be recommending Caesareans instead of natural births, it is alleged.

Researchers at the Dugald Baird Centre for Research into Women's Health at Aberdeen Maternity Hospital carried out the survey using the medical records of almost 24,000 women giving birth between 1988 and 1997.

They found that as the age of mothers increased, their chances of having a Caesarean went up.

Women in their 40s were most likely to have one, according to a report of the study in the British Medical Journal.

Experts expect older women to be more likely to have a Caesarean because the risk of complications increases with age.

But for the first time, the research excluded cases which involved medical complications that might cause a surgical birth - yet still found a trend rising with age.

First-time mothers in their 40s, for example, were 15 times more likely to have an elective Caesarean - an operation decided in advance - than those in their 20s.

The risk of emergency surgery was three times higher for women in their 40s who were having their first child.

Older women having a second or subsequent baby were more than three times at risk of having emergency surgery compared with women in their 20s while the likelihood of them having an an elective operation rose fourfold. The pattern was similar for women in their 30s.

Jacqueline Bell, a research fellow in epidemiology, said: 'We took out complications affecting the baby and the mother, including high blood pressure, and other reasons which make surgery more likely, such as a previous Caesarean.

'But we found they did not explain the increase in Caesareans. The rate went up at the same time as the mother's age increased. Overall, the older women were, the more likely they were to have a Caesarean.'

A number of 'celebrity' mothers, including Posh Spice Victoria Adams, All saints singer Melanie Blatt and actress Patsy Kensit have had Caesarean deliveries. The disc jockey Zoe Ball also had a son by Caesarean section last December at the age of 30.

Critics of the rising rate of such births claim mothers are at unnecessary risk because there are potentially more complications arising from a major abdominal operation than from a normal delivery.

The cost of surgical delivery - around £2,500 - is also between £750 and £1,000 higher than that of a natural birth.