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Recent News and Articles on the Keywords: [gzip] + 2006 + web  Related to the article below (Last Update: 8/4/2008)

New mobile browsers bringing real Web to handhelds
Computerworld Kenya, MA - Jul 21, 2008
When activated on both the browser and Web server, Gzip compresses content typically by 75% to 80% on the server before sending it to the browser for ...
Source: Google News

Detecting spam web pages through content analysis -
A Ntoulas, M Najork, M Manasse, D Fetterly - … of the 15th international conference on World Wide Web, 2006 - portal.acm.org
... WWW 2006, May 23?26, 2006, Edinburgh, Scotland ... We measure the redundancy of web pages
by the compression ratio ... We used GZIP [14] to compress pages, a fast and ...

TeCaS: A Template Caching System for Dynamic Web Pages -
J Ma, Z Gu - Telecommunications, 2006. AICT-ICIW'06. International …, 2006 - doi.ieeecomputersociety.org
... on Internet and Web Applications and Services (AICT/ICIW 2006) 0-7695-2522-9/06
$20.00 ? 2006 IEEE Page 2. algorithm, the compression algorithm used is gzip [6 ...

A reference collection for web spam -
C Castillo, D Donato, L Becchetti, P Boldi, S … - ACM SIGIR Forum, 2006 - portal.acm.org
... is distributed in 8 volumes compressed using gzip, containing about 55 ... recruited
at the beginning of July 2006 by emails ... active in the area of Web Analysis and ...

Optimising Web Services Performance with Table Driven XML -
A Ng - Proc. of the 17th Australian Software Engineering Conference, 2006 - doi.ieeecomputersociety.org
... performance figures of using the gZip compression technique ... performance as ASP.NET
Web Services for ... Proceedings of the 2006 Australian Software Engineering ...

Beam dynamics in Compton ring gamma sources
K NSC KIPT - Phys Rev STAB - prst-ab.aps.org
... Download: PDF (1207 kB) , One-column PDF (1232 kB), or gzip'ed PS (659 kB). ... B. Barish,
in EPAC 2006, Edinburgh, Scotland, 2006, http://accelconf.web.cern.ch ...

A block-sorting lossless data compression algorithm -
M Burrows, DJ Wheeler - SRC Research Report, 1994 - webreview.com
... Media Launches New Dr. Dobb's Journal SD West 2006 announces this ... The document is
a gzip'd PostScript file ... of their papers are available online at this web site ...

Personalised ubiquitous file access with XML Web Services -
I J?rstad, D Thanh - Computer Networks, 2007 - Elsevier
... much when gzip is used. This indicates that the processing time is spent in either
the lower network layers or even more likely in the XML Web Services layer ...
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[PDF] Optimizing Web Service Messaging Performance Using a Context Store for Static Data -
S Oh, MS Aktas, M Pierce, GC Fox, C Authors - Invited paper for 5th WSEAS Int. Conf. on TELECOMMUNICATIONS …, 2006 - wseas.us
... 17] achieve better ratio than conventional compression utilities like GZip [18]. ...
References: [1] S. Oh, G. C. Fox, ?Optimizing Web Service Messaging ... 2006. ...

[PDF] Global Document Frequency Estimation in Peer-to-Peer Web Search -
M Bender, S Michel, P Triantafillou, G Weikum - … International Workshop on the Web & Databases (WebDB 2006), …, 2006 - db.ucsd.edu
... and Databases (WebDB 2006), June 30, 2006, Chicago, Illinois ... inverted lists with
URLs for Web pages that ... messages, we can additionally apply gzip compression to ...

Measured WEB Performance in GPRS, EDGE, UMTS and HSDPA with and without Caching -
P Svoboda, F Ricciato, W Keim, M Rupp - World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks, 2007. …, 2007 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
... Fig. 1 26th ofFebruary 2006. ... Web pages are Point Name) bypassing the proxy system. ...
2. We decided eters HTTP(gzip) and HTTP(pipe), they indicate the use of ...
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Source: Google Scholar
 
 

Weighty Viruses

Article Date: 07 Dec 2006 - 19:00pm (PST)
Viruses are the simplest life forms on our planet, consisting of only DNA or RNA and a shell. After the prokaryotes (bacteria and archebacteria), viruses are the second most common type of organism. In our oceans they are the most common life form. In order to gain a better understanding of the structure and characteristics of these genetically varied little organisms, it would be highly useful to be able to determine their masses and how much these vary within a given population. Researchers in Taiwan have now used very gentle ionization techniques and a miniaturized ion trap of their own devising to accurately analyze the masses of individual, intact viruses.

Previous methods for determining the masses of viruses had a margin of error of approx.15%, which made them too inaccurate to ensure the resolution of small differences in mass. A team led by Huan-Cheng Chang has developed a new concept to attain higher precision. In order to determine their mass, viruses must first be converted to the gas phase, given an electric charge, and accelerated in an electric field.

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However, this process must leave the viruses intact. The researchers thus chose to use a very gentle method known as LIAD (laser-induced acoustic desorption). The virus particles are released from the sample by laser-induced sound waves. They are then caught in an 'ion trap'. This is an electric field that holds charged particles prisoner by means of its special geometry and alternating voltage. Once trapped, the virus particles are ready for mass determination. Laser light is beamed into the ion trap. If a particle is present, it scatters the light. The scattered light can be detected through the transparent surfaces of the ion trap. A portion of the light is sent to a CCD camera, which records the flight path of the trapped particle. The rest of the light goes to a measuring device that precisely analyzes the scattering signal. The scattered light is different from the initial light beam because the virus particle in the electric field of the ion trap begins to oscillate. This oscillation depends on the mass (and charge) of the virus.

The team was thus able to determine the masses of three different types of viruses with diameters between 80 and 300 nm with an astonishingly low margin of error of 1%. The masses of the viruses can, in combination with other analytical processes, be used to infer how many building blocks are used to make up the shell of the virus or how many copies of the genetic material it contains.

These highly precise measurements were made possible by the special structure of the ion trap; instead of a classic quadrupole ion trap, Chang and co-workers chose to use a cylindrical ion trap (CIT). In this type of trap, the movement of the trapped ions is considerably more complex and not mathematically ascertainable. However, it has the advantage of a much simpler geometry. The team constructed a CIT with smaller dimensions than usual, optimized the geometry, and exchanged the usual terminal electrodes of the cylinder with transparent, electrically conducting plates. This special construction is what made application of the precise light-scattering technique for the mass determination of a single virus possible.

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Contact: Huan-Cheng Chang
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 
 
 
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