Iconocast Logo

Welcome To Iconocast

How to add a URL link from your web site to the Iconocast web sites

Virtual tour of Southern California

 

Recent News and Articles on the Keywords: article date + 15:00pm + pst  Related to the article below (Last Update: 7/8/2008)

Leading article: A worthless gust of hot air
Independent, UK -
There is not even agreement on the date from which CO2 cuts will be measured. The European Union is measuring its own targets from 1990 levels, ...
Chambers hopes for Olympic appeal date
Scotsman, United Kingdom -
The BOA said in a statement that it intends to "vigorously and unequivocally defend its lifetime ban on drug cheats." The full article contains 399 words ...
Leading article: Mr Cameron road-tests the politics of responsibility
Independent, UK -
The gritty urban backdrop of Monday's speech provided the most graphic illustration to date of how successfully Mr Cameron has managed to seize the ...
Capital concert date for KD Lang
Scotsman, United Kingdom -
Her latest album, Watershed, has won rave reviews in both the UK and the US. The full article contains 64 words and appears in Edinburgh Evening News ...
These Stocks Are the New Strong Buys
Motley Fool -
By Bill Barker July 8, 2008 Comments (0) The title of this article is a snowclone. And while many of you don't know (yet) what a snowclone is, I believe the ...

NumisMaster.com
Other News & Articles
NumisMaster.com, WI -
This means that few people collect the entire series by date, and thus the prices are just about all the same - a flat line. Look for yourself in any price ...
Rate This Article
Financial Express, India -
... the trustee board's meeting was set for July 7, although it was known then that the chairman and some other members would not be available on that date. ...

Rob Galbraith DPI
EOS-1D Mark III AF article update coming later this month
Rob Galbraith DPI, VA -
Work on this update is ongoing, but we can't commit to an exact publication date just yet. It will cover both the EOS-1D Mark III and its higher-resolution ...
Rate This Article
Financial Express, India -
As the date of elections draws near communal forces have strengthened their activities to divide the nation. ??If secular forces do not finish of the ...

Examiner.com
The Amazon Kindle has not been a big seller to date,
Examiner.com - Jul 6, 2008
This article from United Press International notes that sales of the Amazon Kindle are picking up, even though e-book devices have not caught the nation's ...
Source: Google News

[CITATION] Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity
G Kohler, C Milstein - Nature, 1975

Upregulation of Ghrelin Expression in the Stomach upon Fasting, Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia, and … -
… , MS Mondal, M Nakazato, Y Date, N Murakami, M … - Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2001 - ingentaconnect.com
... Authors: Toshinai K. 1 ; Mondal MS 1 ; Nakazato M. 1 ; Date Y. 1 ; Murakami N. 2 ;
Kojima M. 3 ; Kangawa K. 3 ; Matsukura S. 1. ... Document Type: Research article. ...

The Relationship between Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations and Clinicopathologic Features … -
… Tabata, H Ueoka, M Tanimoto, H Date, AF Gazdar, N … - Clinical Cancer Research, 2005 - AACR
... Yano 1 , Kazunori Tsukuda 1 , Masahiro Tabata 2 , Hiroshi Ueoka 2 , Mitsune Tanimoto
2 , Hiroshi Date 1 , Adi F ... This article has been cited by other articles: ...

Ghrelin, a Novel Growth Hormone-Releasing Acylated Peptide, Is Synthesized in a Distinct Endocrine …
Y Date, M Kojima, H Hosoda, A Sawaguchi, MS Mondal … - Endocrinology, 2000 - Endocrine Soc
... other online articles. Search PubMed for articles by: Date, Y. || Nakazato, M. Alert
me when: new articles cite this article. Download to Citation Manager. ...

Evolution of the vacuolar H+-ATPase: implications for the origin of eukaryotes. -
… Bowman, BJ Bowman, MF Manolson, RJ Poole, T Date, … - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the …, 1989 - pubmedcentral.nih.gov
... This may not be the complete list of references from this article. Nelson, Nathan. ...
[PubMed]; Denda K, Konishi J, Oshima T, Date T, Yoshida M. The membrane ...

Suppression of aggregate formation and apoptosis by transglutaminase inhibitors in cells expressing … -
… , M Yamada, Y Hayashi, H Takano, H Date, M Oyake, T … - Nature Genetics, 1998 - nature.com
... 1 , Reiji Koide 1 , Takayoshi Shimohata 1 , Mitsunori Yamada 2 , Yasuko Hayashi
1, 2 , Hiroki Takano 1 , Hidetoshi Date 1 , Mutsuo ... Article | PubMed | ChemPort ...

Risk factors for cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction in a Japanese rural community -
H Tanaka, Y Ueda, M Hayashi, C Date, T Baba, H … - Stroke, 1982 - Am Heart Assoc
... ARTICLES. Risk factors for cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction in a Japanese
rural community. H Tanaka, Y Ueda, M Hayashi, C Date, T Baba, H Yamashita, ...

INHALED NITRIC OXIDE REDUCES HUMAN LUNG ALLOGRAFT DYSFUNCTION -
H Date, AN Triantafillou, EP Trulock, MS Pohl, JD … - The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 1996 - AATS/WTSA
... Hiroshi Date, MD , Anastosios N. Triantafillou, MD , Elbert P. Trulock, MD , Mary
S ... This article has been cited by other articles: (Search Google Scholar for ...

The Strength of Weak Ties -
MS Granovetter - American Journal of Sociology, 1973 - UChicago Press
... Article Tools. View Citations In: CrossRef. Search for Related Articles. ... American
Journal of Sociology 113:2, 446-506 Online publication date: 1-Sep-2007. ...

Isolation of human cDNA clones of myb-related genes, A-myb and B-myb. -
… , M Matsui, S Ishii, T Date, S Sasamoto, R … - Nucleic Acids Research, 1988 - pubmedcentral.nih.gov
... S Ishii, T Date, S Sasamoto, and R Ishizaki. Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Nippon
Veterinary and Zootechnical College, Tokyo, Japan. This article has been ...

Source: Google Scholar
 
 

Molecule Linked To Autoimmune Disease Relapses Identified At Stanford

Article Date: 06 Dec 2006 - 15:00pm (PST)
The ebb and flow of such autoimmune diseases as multiple sclerosis, lupus and rheumatoid arthritis has long been a perplexing mystery. But new findings from the Stanford University School of Medicine bring scientists closer to solving the puzzle, identifying a molecule that appears to play a central role in relapses.

The study, to be published in the Dec. 3 advance online edition of Nature Immunology, lays the groundwork for a way to determine when a relapse is about to occur, and could eventually lead to a treatment to prevent relapses. "Right now, there is no good blood test to evaluate when a person is going to have a flare-up," said senior author Larry Steinman, MD, professor of neurology and neurological sciences. "If we had one, we might be able to give them prophylactic preventive medication."

The current study had its genesis five years ago: In a paper published in 2001 in the journal Science, Steinman found that a protein called osteopontin was abundant in multiple sclerosis-affected brain tissue, but not in normal tissue. Since then, other groups have confirmed that osteopontin is elevated just prior to and during a relapse of the disease in M.S. patients.

Article continues below and (thank you)
 
Although the protein had been known to play a role in bone growth, it was unclear why it would be associated with multiple sclerosis, which results when the immune system attacks the protective myelin sheath surrounding nerve cells.

To explore this question, Eun Mi Hur, PhD, who was then a graduate student in Steinman's lab, began using a mouse model of multiple sclerosis (experimental autoimmune encephalomyletis, or EAE) to investigate how osteopontin could cause these flare-ups. She and Steinman gave osteopontin to mice that had already experienced paralysis, similar to that of an M.S. patient, and found that the mice then experienced a relapse of the disease.

The researchers also found that the relapse would occur sometimes in an area of the brain other than the site of the original attack. For example, after receiving the osteopontin, some animals that had previously suffered paralysis became blind from a condition called optic neuritis. One feature of multiple sclerosis is that the flare-ups can affect different parts of the nervous system at different times.

"When I saw that all mice with EAE relapsed and died from the disease after about a month of osteopontin administration, I was surprised," said Hur, the study's first author who is now a postdoctoral scholar at Caltech. "I got a strong belief that a high level of osteopontin in patients' blood and tissue is a major contributor of the relapse and progression of the disease."
 
Through the mouse studies and molecular characterizations, Hur and Steinman showed that osteopontin - produced by immune cells and brain cells themselves - promotes the survival of the T cells that carry out the damaging attack on myelin; by increasing the number of these T cells, osteopontin increases their destructive potential. These results could be applicable to many other autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, type-1 diabetes and lupus.

Indeed, the effect of osteopontin may severely alter the way the immune system works. Normally, after the immune system does its job - eradicating a microbe, for instance - the response is then dialed down. If this didn't happen, the immune response would go on indefinitely. Imagine a cold or an attack of poison oak that would last forever.

One of the ways that the immune response is muffled is that the activated T cells die in a process known as apoptosis. That is precisely what osteopontin seems to prevent. Osteopontin lets the T cells linger in the blood, ready to attack again. "We don't know exactly what triggers that new attack but the cells certainly are around and ready to do it," said Steinman. So scientists now face the challenge of figuring out how and why osteopontin is produced. "We're back to the chicken-and-the-egg problem," said Steinman. "We know the egg, so why did the chicken lay it" That is a trickier problem to work out."

Even without knowing the answer to that question, there is one inviting practical use of their observations: Osteopontin could be used as a marker of an impending relapse. What's more, if the protein could be blocked, it might thwart the relapse from ever occurring. Steinman's lab is working to develop antibodies to inactivate the protein's effect. "It's still a long road between saying we want to do it and getting the antibodies, getting it approved by the FDA and getting it tested," said Steinman, "but we are determined to do that."
 
Google
Web www.iconocast.com
 Still, Steinman offered a caveat. Researchers may find that blocking osteopontin has undesirable side effects. The protein may serve other purposes in addition to promoting survival of immune cells. It could also be vital to the body's ability to produce myelin, a function that could cause severe problems if disrupted. "Like a lot of important biological molecules, osteopontin has a Janus-like quality - a bad side and a good side," Steinman said. "We're going to be extremely lucky if we give the antibody opposing osteopontin and derive just the good side: We stop the autoimmune attack but don't interfere with the survival of other cells."

Further study will determine whether thwarting osteopontin's effect yields new types of treatments for autoimmune diseases, but regardless, it is likely to lead to discoveries in a host of areas. "I think osteopontin will turn out to be important in a lot of processes, spanning autoimmunity to stem cells," said Steinman. "It's probably going to turn out to be a very basic growth factor."

###

This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health, the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, the Phil N. Allen Trust, a Stanford Graduate Fellowship, a Korean Government Overseas Scholarship and a National Multiple Sclerosis Society Career Transitional Award. Other authors of the study are: Sawsan Youssef, PhD, a postdoctoral scholar in neurology and neurological sciences; M. Edward Haws, an undergraduate at Brigham Young University; Susan Zhang, a Stanford undergraduate, and Raymond Sobel, MD, professor of pathology.

Stanford University Medical Center integrates research, medical education and patient care at its three institutions - Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford Hospital & Clinics and Lucile Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford. For more information, please visit the Web site of the medical center's Office of Communication & Public Affairs athttp://mednews.stanford.edu/.

Contact: Mitzi Baker
Stanford University Medical Center

 

Continue News With: News2 ; News3 ; News4 ; News5 ; News6 ; News7 ; News8 ; News9 ; News9A


ADVERTISEMENT

Iconocast is about learning and teaching without borders; we offer eMarketing, Internet Advertising, Internet Marketing, Search Engine Optimization, Search Engine Marketing, Online Branding, and eMarketing News Services. Home

 
 © 2002-2006

Keywords::

Contact Iconocast

Home Page