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Recent News and Articles on the Keywords: thank you + continues below + you  Related to the article below (Last Update: 7/8/2008)

Live Blogging VII: Abortion & The Law
America Magazine (subscription), NY -
Thank you for your thoughtful presentation of your ?conversion? to the pro-life perspective and to the view that sex and the creation of human life are ...
Loonie undervalued and should rise soon: experts
CTV.ca, Canada -
If you do the math, the current value of the American dollar should only be worth between $0.85 and $0.90! I smell a rat...a big, fat, greasy, political rat ...
Consumer Tech: Cold-brewed coffee at home fills a tall order
Seattle Post Intelligencer - Jul 7, 2008
By SCOTT TAVES Iced coffee, how I used to mock you. Make my coffee hot, black and flowing from a French press or espresso machine, thank you very much. ...

BBC News
Google's Street View response
BBC News, UK - Jul 7, 2008
Well, now Google has written back to Simon Davies, and in the interests of balance you can read their letter below. There's more here also. Thank you for ...GOOG
Will Silver Outperform Gold?
Gold Price, Australia - 54 minutes ago
... and she's really improving. Thank you all for your continuing prayers. Argentum et aurum comparenda sunt -- -- Gold and silver must be bought.
Peak Oil: Crisis alters lifestyles
Greensboro News Record, NC -
?You know how many people had implemented anything at all?? Kauber said. ?Zero. What does that tell you? What does that tell all those poor bastards who ...
Obama says he could 'refine' Iraq policy
MSNBC - Jul 3, 2008
What do you do? You said you would end the war. How do you do it in January of 2009? SEN. OBAMA: Well, first of all, Tim, let me say thank you to Dartmouth ...
What they're saying: Tom Pernice
PGA Tour, FL - Jul 5, 2008
You know, I think to me, that's what is so amazing about Tiger is Tiger gets himself there all the time and continues to step to the plate and gets it done. ...
Comments on this Story
Arizona Daily Star, AZ - Jul 3, 2008
You only have to look to the current experience to confirm that the attitude continues. #5 Gary B. I was referring to the business here, 100 employees, ...
Corel F2Q08 (Qtr End 5/31/08) Earnings Call Transcript
Seeking Alpha, NY - Jul 3, 2008
Thank you for joining us today for the Corel Corporate second quarter conference call. A copy of our press release was posted on the wire this morning and ...CREL
Source: Google News

[PDF] 6-Month efficacy, tolerance, and acceptability of a short regimen of oral zidovudine to reduce … -
… , N Meda, C Welffens-Ekra, B You, O Manigart, V … - Lancet, 1999 - theses.ulb.ac.be
... MD ); CeDReS, Programme PAC-CI, Abidjan (B You PhD , P ... and neutropenia by a neutrophil
count below 0?5 ... of infection at a given age, continued breastfeeding at ...
-

[BOOK] Thank You, Comrade Stalin!: Soviet Public Culture from Revolution to Cold War -
J Brooks - 2000 - books.google.com
... "Thank you. ... The Soviet Union continued to suffer perpetual shortages as buying
power outpaced the economy's ability to deliver consumer goods. ...

[BOOK] Thank You, St. Jude: Women's Devotion to the Patron Saint of Hopeless Causes
RA Orsi - 1998 - books.google.com
... Orsi, Robert A. Thank you, St. ... Jude will help you? because ?we never know what the ...
indeed, methodologically perverse?for me to have continued thinking of ...

Diffuse X-Ray Scattering Study of Lead Magnesium Niobate Single Crystals -
H You, QM Zhang - Physical Review Letters, 1997 - APS
... Magnesium Niobate Single Crystals H. You Argonne National ... reflection but the diffuse
scattering continues from h ... We thank Professor J. Toulouse for prividing ...

[PS] Draft of DAMSL: Dialog Act Markup in Several Layers -
J Allen, M Core - URL: http://www. cs. rochester. edu/research/trains/ …, 1997 - cs.rochester.edu
... of an Open-option utterance from a furniture purchasing domain is shown below. ... an
action by virtue of making the utterance (eg, \Thank you", \I apologize") ...

Spatially and temporally regulated expression of the LIM class homeobox gene Hrlim suggests multiple … -
S Wada, Y Katsuyama, S Yasugi, H Saiga - Mechanisms of Development, 1995 - Elsevier
... Shuichi Wada, You Katsuyama, Sadao Yasugi, Hidetoshi Saiga* ... 32-cell stage and the
expression continues through to ... As described below, we found that the spatial ...

[BOOK] You Can't Say You Can't Play
VG Paley - 1993 - books.google.com
... "When thefirst ray ofsun dims my light you will see a fairy child waiting in the
meadow below. ... "A lot of you," I continue, "think the teachers always know ...

Multiple Organ Failure: By the Time You Predict It, It's Already There. -
HG Cryer, K Leong, DL McArthur, D Demetriades, FS … - The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care, 1999 - jtrauma.com
... Multiple organ failure continues to be the most common cause ... to be present, and if
it is below that level ... Dr. Reed, I would like to thank you for you comments ...

[BOOK] You and Your Action Research Project -
J McNiff, P Lomax, J Whitehead - 2003 - books.google.com
... Acknowledgements We wish to thank Sarah Fletcher, University of Bath ... We want to continue
to encourage people to dance ... We invite you to approach our text in the ...

The use of eye movements in human-computer interaction techniques: what you look at is what you get -
RJK Jacob - ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS), 1991 - portal.acm.org
... Human-Computer Interaction Techniques: What You Look At is What You Get ... you look,
another command is activated; you cannot look anywhere without issuing a com- ...

Source: Google Scholar
 
 

Evolution Of Influenza A Virus


Article Date: 04 Dec 2006 - 8:00am (PST)
An understanding of the evolutionary dynamics of the influenza virus determines scientists' ability to survey and control the virus. In a new study, published online in the open-access journal PLoS Pathogens, Dr. Eddie C. Holmes of the Department of Biology at Pennsylvania State University and colleagues at the National Institutes of Health, the Wordsworth Center and the Institute for Genomic Research used genomic analysis to investigate the evolutionary properties of the h4N2 subtype of human influenza A virus.

The authors, in the first population-based study of its kind, collected a sample group of 413 complete influenza genomes from across New York State. Comparative analysis of the samples revealed genetically distinct viral strains circulate across the state within any one season and occasionally exchange genes through reassortment.

These results indicate that adaptive evolution occurs only sporadically in influenza virus, and that influenza virus diversity and evolution is strongly affected by chance events, such as reassortment between strains coinfecting a host or the introduction of a particular variant from elsewhere. These factors make predicting future patterns of influenza virus evolution more difficult, as vaccine strain selection then becomes dependent upon intensive surveillance, whole-genome sequencing, and phenotypic analysis.

Article continues below and (thank you)
 
This study supported by Cooperative Research 14 Agreement Number U50/CCU223671 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Laboratory support was provided by M. Kleabonas and R. Bennett at the Wadsworth Center.

Please mention the open-access journal PLoS Pathogens (http://www.plospathogens.org/) as the source for this article. Thank you!

PLEASE ADD THIS LINK TO THE PUBLISHED ARTICLE IN ONLINE VERSIONS OF YOUR REPORT: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.0020125

Citation: Nelson MI, Simonsen L, Viboud C, Miller MA, Taylor J, et al. (2006) Stochastic processes are key determinants of short-term evolution in influenza A virus. PLoS Pathog 2(12): e125. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.0020125

All works published in PLoS Pathogens are open access. Everything is immediately available without cost to anyone, anywhere - to read, download, redistribute, include in databases, and otherwise use - subject only to the condition that the original authorship is properly attributed. Copyright is retained by the authors. The Public Library of Science uses the Creative Commons Attribution License.

Contact: Barbara Kennedy
Public Library of Science
 

Protein Protects Against Nerve Degeneration

A protein called NMNAT protects against nerve cell degeneration in fruit flies and mice, said Baylor College of Medicine researchers in a report in the Public Library of Science Biology that appears online.

The finding begs the question if a drug might be developed that could stimulate extra protein production and thus neuronal protection - both in injured cells and in those degenerating because of disease, said Dr. Hugo Bellen, the paper's senior author, director of the BCM Program in Developmental Biology and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. While more work needs to be done to determine whether that would be desirable, Bellen said the finding is an important one because it identifies NMNAT as essential in the life of the body's neurons.

Much of the work described in the paper was done by its first author, Dr. R. Grace Zhai, a postdoctoral fellow in Bellen's laboratory.

The story began two decades ago when researchers in the U.K. discovered a mouse whose injured nerve cells were slow to die. Even when the nerve was cut, it had some function two weeks later while in a normal mouse injured nerves are non-functional within two days, said Bellen.

Five years ago, researchers discovered that the mice had three copies of a gene for a protein that was a fusion of NMNAT and another protein. Bellen and his colleagues sought to determine whether NMNAT was actually protective by studying mutant forms of it in fruit flies or Drosophila melanogaster, a commonly used model organism. NMNAT exists in a single state in the fruit fly, and there is only one form of it.

When Zhai, Bellen and colleagues bred flies that lack the protein in their visual system, they found that the neurons degenerated very rapidly. However, the degeneration could be slowed by keeping the flies in the dark and preventing their visual neurons from activating.

"In the absence of the NMNAT protein, the photoreceptors in the eye develop normally. They send out axons (tendril extension of the nerve that grow into the brain) and make synapses (the functional connection between a nerve axon and the target cell)," said Bellen.

However, late in the development of the eye, the insects in the pupal stage begin to sense light. As the neurons become active, they degenerate rapidly. Within two weeks after birth, there are almost no neurons left.

"Here is a case where the protein is required for the maintenance of the neuron," said Bellen.

When flies were raised in the dark, the neurons died, but at very slow pace when compared to those exposed to light.

"Activity clearly causes a massive degeneration," he said.

When they exposed flies that made large quantities of NMNAT in the eye to bright sunlight for 30 days, they found that only 20 percent of the neurons died - not the 80 percent that would have been expected.

"This protein can delay the neuronal degeneration process if it is present at a high level," said Bellen.

They also found that NMNAT alone and not the enzyme partner found in mice and other vertebrates was sufficient to protect the neurons.

Bellen said more work needs to be done to identify the mechanisms at work in the neuronal protection and to determine how to prompt cells to increase productions of the protein.

###

Others who participated in the research include Drs. Yu Cao, P. Robin Hiesinger, Yi Zhou, Sunil Q. Mehta, Karen L. Schulze and Patrik Verstreken, all of BCM.

Support for this study came from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.

Contact: Ross Tomlin
Baylor College of Medicine
 
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