Iconocast Logo

Welcome To Iconocast

How to add a URL link from your web site to the Iconocast web sites

Virtual tour of Southern California

 

Recent News and Articles on the Keywords: human + chimpanzees + 0.34  Related to the article below (Last Update: 8/4/2008)


Natural News.com
Chimpanzee Beats Human Memory Genius in Memorization Competition
Natural News.com, AZ - Aug 3, 2008
Imitating the format of a scientific study in which Ayumu had formerly participated, both human and chimpanzee watched a screen on which five numbers were ...
Lab chimps show same stress symptoms as tortured humans
Scotsman, United Kingdom - Aug 2, 2008
Ferdowsian, who has evaluated the mental condition of human torture victims, said: "The high prevalence of mental disorders we observed in these chimpanzees ...
Spain may give apes 'human' rights-- What's next?
The Free Lance-Star, VA - Aug 3, 2008
The measure, which is expected to pass, would give chimps, gorillas, and other apes (except gibbons, which don't make the grade), protection against "murder ...
Human Brains Pay A Price For Being Big
Science Daily (press release) -
Research published today in BioMed Central's open access journal Genome Biology adds weight to the theory that schizophrenia is a costly by-product of human ...
Almost half of monkeys, apes under threat-report
Reuters -
Chimpanzees, the species most like humans, stayed "endangered", the middle of a three-stage scale of risk between critically endangered and "vulnerable". ...
Chimpanzees used for medical testing 'show signs of torture'
Independent, UK - Aug 1, 2008
... patients from around the world, said that it is clear that chimps suffer many of the extreme psychological conditions shown by human torture victims. ...
Study: Schizophrenia is price of evolution
United Press International -
4 (UPI) -- British, German and Chinese researchers say they've determined schizophrenia is an unfortunate consequence of the rapid evolution of the human ...

7thSpace Interactive (press release)
Researchers found Simian Foamy Virus in several people living and ...
7thSpace Interactive (press release), NY -
Unlike the great apes, such as chimpanzees or gorillas, rhesus macaques and other species of monkeys are very adaptable to new habitats. ...
Schizophrenia costly byproduct of brain evolution
Thaindian.com, Thailand -
The latest research adds weight to the theory that schizophrenia is a costly byproduct of human brain evolution. Philipp Khaitovich from the ...

New York Times
Ideas & Trends When Human Rights Extend to Nonhumans
New York Times, United States - Jul 13, 2008
ALMOST HUMAN A chimp at an Israeli wildlife park in April. Spanish lawmakers recently voted to grant apes some rights. By DONALD G. McNEIL Jr. If you caught ...
Activists pursue basic legal rights for great apes USA Today
A world going ape Jerusalem Post
Editorial Observer What?s Next in the Law? The Unalienable Rights ... New York Times
all 14 news articles »
Source: Google News

… Communication by Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Response to the Attentional Status of a Human ( … -
AB Hostetter, M Cantero, WD Hopkins - Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, DC: 1983), 2001 - pubmedcentral.nih.gov
... a function of the attentional status of the human. The number of chimpanzees that
produced at least one ... If a chimpanzee produced the behavior in one condition ...

[PDF] Mitochondrial COII sequences and modern human origins -
M Ruvolo, S Zehr, M von Dornum, D Pan, B Chang, J … - Mol. Biol. Evol, 1993 - mbe.library.arizona.edu
... with those previously published hominoid (human and ape ... and not with pygmy chimpanzees
(using sequences ... an abbreviation for ?pygmy chimpanzee? rather than ...
-

Estimating the pattern of nucleotide substitution -
Z Yang - Journal of Molecular Evolution, 1994 - Springer
... Human 0.2579 0.3300 0.3041 0.1081 Chimpanzee 0.2658 0.3232 0.3086 0.1025 ... unrestricted
model also gives trivial improvement over REV (2Ae = 2 ? 0.34 : 0.68) or ...

Genomic rearrangements by LINE-1 insertion-mediated deletion in the human and chimpanzee lineages -
K Han, SK Sen, J Wang, PA Callinan, J Lee, R … - Nucleic Acids Research, 2005 - Oxford Univ Press
... L1IMD in the latest draft of the human genome is ... years since the divergence of humans
and chimpanzees (48,49). The rate of deletion in the chimpanzee genome is ...

… Neutrality at the Mitochondrial NADH Dehydrogenase Subunit 2 Gene in Humans, but Not in Chimpanzees -
CA Wise, M Sraml, S Easteal - Genetics, 1998 - Genetics Soc America
... diversity (per site) for the entire human sample was ... sequence comparisons of mtDNA
in chimpanzees ( MORIN et al. ... per site) for the entire chimpanzee sample was ...

[PDF] The chimpanzee and us -
WH Li, MA Saunders - Nature, 2005 - striz.org
... 6 and human?baboon (0.34) 7 comparisons. ... be major contributors to human? chimpanzee
phenotypic differences ... between humans and chimpanzees primarily arise ...
-

News and views: the chimpanzee and us -
WH Li, MA Saunders - Nature, 2005 - nature.com
... 0.63) 6 and human?baboon (0.34) 7 comparisons. ... Given the short time since the
human?chimpanzee split, it is ... that separate humans from chimpanzees and other ...

Molecular Evolution of Adrenarche: Structural and Functional Analysis of P450c17 from Four Primate … -
W Arlt, JWM Martens, M Song, JT Wang, RJ Auchus, … - Endocrinology, 2002 - Endocrine Soc
... to P450c17 from human beings and chimpanzees, which undergo ... of 16 -hydroxylase/17
-hydroxylase activity in human (0.34) and chimpanzee (0.31) P450c17 were ...

The Role of Selection in the Evolution of Human Mitochondrial Genomes -
T Kivisild, P Shen, DP Wall, B Do, R Sung, K Davis … - Genetics, 2006 - Genetics Soc America
... acter states in humans and the chimpanzee consensus match ... of mutational activity
included positions where the human-derived allele ... 1?5 67 197 0.34 24 28 0.14 ...

… in the process of social learning: chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and human children (Homo sapiens) -
J Call, M Carpenter, M Tomasello - Animal Cognition, 2005 - Springer
... An adult human served as demonstrator ... children was identical to that for chimpanzees
in experiment ... Unlike chimpanzee demonstrators, E attempted to open the tube ...

Source: Google Scholar
 
 

Unraveling Where The Brains Of Chimps And Humans Diverge Will Pinpoint Genes Linked To Evolution Of Human Brain

Article Date: 16 Nov 2006 - 4:00am (PST)
Six million years ago, chimpanzees and humans diverged from a common ancestor and evolved into unique species. Now UCLA scientists have identified a new way to pinpoint the genes that separate us from our closest living relative - and make us uniquely human. The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reports the study in its Nov. 13 online edition.

"We share more than 95 percent of our genetic blueprint with chimps," explained Dr. Daniel Geschwind, principal investigator and Gordon and Virginia MacDonald Distinguished Professor of Human Genetics at the David Geffen School of Medicine. "What sets us apart from chimps are our brains: homo sapiens means 'the knowing man.'

"During evolution, changes in some genes altered how the human brain functions," he added. "Our research has identified an entirely new way to identify those genes in the small portion of our DNA that differs from the chimpanzee's."

Article continues below and (thank you)
 
By evaluating the correlated activity of thousands of genes, the UCLA team identified not just individual genes, but entire networks of interconnected genes whose expression patterns within the brains of humans varied from those in the chimpanzee.

"Genes don't operate in isolation - each functions within a system of related genes," said first author Michael Oldham, UCLA genetics researcher. "If we examined each gene individually, it would be similar to reading every fifth word in a paragraph - you don't get to see how each word relates to the other. So instead we used a systems biology approach to study each gene within its context."

The scientists identified networks of genes that correspond to specific brain regions. When they compared these networks between humans and chimps, they found that the gene networks differed the most widely in the cerebral cortex -- the brain's most highly evolved region, which is three times larger in humans than chimps.

Secondly, the researchers discovered that many of the genes that play a central role in cerebral cortex networks in humans, but not in the chimpanzee, also show significant changes at the DNA level.

"When we see alterations in a gene network that correspond to functional changes in the genome, it implies that these differences are very meaningful," said Oldham. "This finding supports the theory that variations in the DNA sequence contributed to human evolution."
 
Relying on a new analytical approach developed by corresponding author Steve Horvath, UCLA associate professor of human genetics and biostatistics, the UCLA team used data from DNA microarrays - vast collections of tiny DNA spots -- to map the activity of virtually every gene in the genome simultaneously. By comparing gene activity in different areas of the brain, the team identified gene networks that correlated to specific brain regions. Then they compared the strength of these correlations between humans and chimps.

Many of the human-specific gene networks identified by the scientists related to learning, brain cell activity and energy metabolism.

"If you view the brain as the body's engine, our findings suggest that the human brain fires like a 12-cylinder engine, while the chimp brain works more like a 6-cylinder engine," explained Geschwind. "It's possible that our genes adapted to allow our brains to increase in size, operate at different speeds, metabolize energy faster and enhance connections between brain cells across different brain regions."

Future UCLA studies will focus on linking the expression of evolutionary genes to specific regions of the brain, such as those that regulate language, speech and other uniquely human abilities.

###

The study was supported by the James S. McDonnell Foundation, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, and the National Institute of Mental Health.

Contact: Elaine Schmidt
University of California - Los Angeles
 
Google
Web www.iconocast.com
 
 
 

 

Continue News With:News8 ; News9 ; News9A


ADVERTISEMENT

Iconocast is about learning and teaching without borders; we offer eMarketing, Internet Advertising, Internet Marketing, Search Engine Optimization, Search Engine Marketing, Online Branding, and eMarketing News Services. Home

 
 © 2002-2006

Keywords::

Contact Iconocast

Home Page