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Recent News and Articles on the Keywords: johns hopkins + have discovered + cancer  Related to the article below (Last Update: 5/13/2008)

Are Your Medical Records at Risk?
Wall Street Journal - Apr 28, 2008
Another health system beefing up security is Johns Hopkins, in Baltimore, which has increased employee education on privacy and started adding encryption ...

Healthcare Today
Cancer's stem cell connection
Healthcare Today, UK - May 6, 2008
William Matsui of the Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Cancer Centre in Baltimore examined 268 samples from pancreatic cancer patients and discovered "that the ...
The Wnt Signaling Pathway - A Retrospective Look at 25 Years of ...
Informationsdienst Wissenschaft (Pressemitteilung), Germany - May 7, 2008
... Kinzler (both now at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, USA), discovered a link between the Wnt signaling pathway and the development of cancer. ...
A cancer leaves few to lobby
Pittsburgh Post Gazette, PA - Apr 13, 2008
One is in cancer vaccines, where research at Johns Hopkins and UPMC has shown some early promise. In Baltimore, Dr. Elizabeth Jaffee has been working for ...

Emirates Business 24/7
A new lease of life for pills that didn't pop
Emirates Business 24/7, United Arab Emirates - May 6, 2008
The DNA will be analysed at the Center for Inherited Disease Research at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. Robots will put a tiny drop of DNA-bearing ...
Passage of Genetics Bill Welcomed as 'Civil-Rights Milestone'
Jewish Exponent, PA - May 8, 2008
"With the evolution of biomedical research, our nation's scientists have discovered opportunities to use genetic information to prevent, diagnose and more ...

Popular Science
The Drug Resurrector
Popular Science, NY - May 2, 2008
The Johns Hopkins Clinical Compound Screening Initiative is an open-source effort to collect and index more than 10000 known medications and determine which ...
An Interview With Jim Copland Of The Manhattan Institute About ...
Blogger News Network - May 7, 2008
A Johns Hopkins medical school study found that plaintiffs? X-rays in which the lawyers? own doctors found asbestos injury in 95.9 percent of cases only had ...
Significant Tumor-Specific Immune Response Observed in AVANT's ...
FOXBusiness - Apr 16, 2008
This particular variant, EGFRvIII, was discovered in a collaborative effort between Dr. Bert Vogelstein and Dr Albert Wong at Johns Hopkins University and ...AVAN
WHAT MAKES EMILY RUN
Atlanta Journal Constitution,  USA - Apr 30, 2008
Though he has known her for years, Henneman, who will attend Johns Hopkins in the fall, said he's amazed by Reese's focus and dedication. ...
Source: Google News

Imprinting of a Genomic Domain of 11p15 and Loss of Imprinting in Cancer: An Introduction -
AP Feinberg - Cancer Research, 1999 - AACR
... reprints should be addressed, at Johns Hopkins University School of ... this hypothesis:
(a) we have discovered a novel genetic alteration in cancer, loss of ...

Cancer genes and the pathways they control. -
B Vogelstein, KW Kinzler - Nat Med, 2004 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
... Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University Medical ... for
the genesis of various cancers have been discovered, their mutations ...

Activation of beta-Catenin-Tcf Signaling in Colon Cancer by Mutations in beta-Catenin or APC -
PJ Morin, AB Sparks, V Korinek, N Barker, H … - Science, 1997 - sciencemag.org
... Sparks and K. W. Kinzler, Johns Hopkins Oncology Center ... Although -catenin was originally
discovered as a cadherin ... codons 1323 and 2075 that have been implicated ...

… Biomarkers Identified from Serum Proteomic Analysis for the Detection of Early Stage Ovarian Cancer -
Z Zhang, RC Bast, Y Yu, J Li, LJ Sokoll, AJ Rai, … - Cancer Research, 2004 - AACR
... specimens from the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions ... the identification of the
discovered biomarkers allowed ... Previous studies have illustrated the benefits of ...

CANCER GENETICS: First p53 Relative May Be a New Tumor Suppressor -
S Dickman - Science, 1997 - sciencemag.org
... geneticist Bert Vogelstein of Johns Hopkins University School ... than p53 and other
previously discovered tumor suppressors ... and their colleagues have evidence that ...

BRAF mutation in thyroid cancer -
M Xing - Endocrine-Related Cancer, 2005 - Soc Endocrinology
... of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University
School ... This newly discovered BRAF mutation may prove to have an important ...

Barrett's Esophagus with High-Grade Dysplasia: An Indication for Prophylactic Esophagectomy. -
RF Heitmiller, M Redmond, SR Hamilton - Annals of Surgery, 1996 - annalsofsurgery.com
... pathology records at The Johns Hopkins Hospital between ... using histopathologic criteria
that have been reported ... invasive adenocarcinoma was discovered in the ...

[BOOK] Paclitaxel in Cancer Treatment
WP McGuire - 1995 - books.google.com
... and Johns Hopkins Hospital Johns Hopkins University School of ... a decade until Horwitz
discovered that paclitaxel ... and clinical toxicities have been successfully ...

Adjunctive testing for cervical cancer in low resource settings with visual inspection, HPV, and the … -
PD Blumenthal, L Gaffikin, ZM Chirenje, J McGrath, … - International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 2001 - Elsevier
... Harare, Zimbabwe d Department of Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins School of ... cases
of precancerous disease in the population would have been discovered. ...

Screening for Lung Cancer Revisited and the Role of Sputum Cytology and Fluorescence Bronchoscopy in … -
TC Kennedy, Y Miller, S Prindiville - Chest, 2000 - Am Coll Chest Phys
... conducted at MSKCC and at the Johns Hopkins Oncology Center ... A low number of cancers
were discovered by sputum ... Retrospectively, this may have been due in part to ...

Source: Google Scholar

Keeping at-risk cells from developing cancer

 

Researchers at Johns Hopkins have discovered that cancers arising from epigenetic changes - in this case the inappropriate activation of a normally silent gene - develop by becoming addicted to certain growth factors. Reporting online in next week’s Early Edition of the Proceedings of the National Academies of Sciences, the team shows that blocking this “addiction” can greatly prevent cancer growth.

“If this is translatable to people, it could be really exciting,” says Andrew Feinberg, M.D., professor of medicine, oncology and molecular biology and genetics and director of the Epigenetics Center at Hopkins. “It means we might be able to do something about at-risk cells before cancer develops, and treat these cells biochemically and specifically, rather than using current drugs that are nonspecific and kill everything in their path.”

The gene for growth factor IGF-II (insulin-like growth factor two) is one of several in the human genome that is controlled by imprinting - where one of the two copies of the gene is turned off, depending on which parent it came from. Normally, the IGF-II gene from your father is turned on and the one from your mother is turned off. Loss of this imprinting causes the activation of the maternal copy, leading to activation of both copies of the IGF-II gene, which has been associated with a fivefold increased frequency of intestinal tumors in people.

The Hopkins team tested mouse cells with imprinting intact, which have only one copy of IGF-II activated, and compared them to cells that had lost imprinting and have both copies of IGF-II activated. They found that normally imprinted cells respond to normal doses of growth factor and recover within 90 minutes. However, cells that had lost imprinting were activated by the smallest doses and continued to stay activated for more than 120 minutes.

“It’s like they were on a hair trigger, which was totally counterintuitive to what we might have predicted,” says Andre Levchenko, Ph.D., an assistant professor of biomedical engineering at Hopkins and co-director of the study. “You would expect in cells that have lost imprinting, and therefore have twice the amount of gene product, that it would take higher doses to activate the cell. In fact, the cell becomes hypersensitized while having too much IGF-II around.”

The researchers then wondered if blocking the cells’ response to IGF-II could block cancer growth in animals. Mice that develop colon cancer were given a drug that specifically blocks a cell’s ability to respond to IGF-II. These mice developed 70 percent fewer precancerous lesions than mice without treatment.

“Finding the molecular mechanism behind cancer development allowed us to use a specific drug to actually take care of these risky cells before the animal developed cancer,” says Feinberg. “It’s making us think about cancer prevention in a whole new way.”

###

The research was funded by the National Institutes of Health and the Swedish Cancer Research Foundation.

Authors on the paper are Atsushi Kaneda, Chiaochun Wang, Raymond Cheong, Winston Timp, Patrick Onyango, Bo Wen, Christine Iacobuzio-Donahue, Andre Levchenko and Feinberg of Hopkins; Rolf Ohlsson of Uppsala University in Uppsala, Sweden; Rita Andraos and Mark Pearson of Novartis Institute of Biomedical Research in Basel, Switzerland; and Alexei Sharov, Dan Longo and Minoru Ko of the National Institute on Aging in Baltimore, Md.

On the Web:

http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/ibbs/research/epigenetics/
http://www.pnas.org/

 
 
 
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