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Recent News and Articles on the Keywords: immune system + previously undescribed + previously  Related to the article below (Last Update: 5/5/2008)

Who?s A Good (Germy) Boy?
HealthNewsDigest.com, NY - May 4, 2008
The human immune system is an elegant mix of two parts?a built-in, or innate, system and an acquired one. The innate system has already read the manual on ...
Vaccines: We're all in this together
Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, WI -
A baby's immune system begins working even before birth. A case of strep throat, for example, requires the immune system to respond to 25 to 50 different ...
US therapy uses immune system to fight brain tumors
Reuters UK, UK - Apr 28, 2008
The hope is to trick the immune system into attacking the cancer. So far, it seems to be helping, researchers at Duke University in North Carolina said on ...

CTV.ca
Changing patterns in vaccine era pose questions about durability ...
The Canadian Press, TORONTO -
As both groups head toward the so-called golden years when possible waning immunity may be exacerbated by the age-related decline of the immune system, ...
Vaccinations/Drugs forced on Public, P3 The Conservative Voice
all 5 news articles »
Jeffrey Ravetch elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences
The Rockefeller University Newswire, NY -
By identifying the genetic components that cause immune system cells to respond to specific antibodies, Ravetch hopes to gain a better understanding of how ...
'What are these bats telling us about the environment we live in?'
Boston Globe, United States - May 4, 2008
Despite all that experience, he still doesn't understand exactly how a hibernating bat's immune system works. He does not exactly know how much body fat a ...
Immune system given defence in cancer fight
London Free Press, Canada - Apr 24, 2008
By JOHN MINER London scientists are testing new treatments aimed at bolstering one of the most effective weapons against cancer -- your own immune system. ...
Defence expert
Massey News, New Zealand - 34 minutes ago
How does the immune system work? The complexity and sophistication of our multilayered immune system and the way it deals with pathogens have been a ...
Link between early consumption of cows? milk and Type-1 diabetes
HULIQ (press release), NC -
In Type-1 diabetes, the immune system erroneously appears to attack and destroy insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. It usually begins in childhood, ...
New type of stem cells may help regenerate heart tissues
The UCLA Daily Bruin, CA -
Induced pluripotent stem cells are particularly useful when considering the effects of heart transplants on the human immune system. ...
Michigan Doctors' Group Neutral on Embryonic Stem Cell Research ... LifeNews.com
all 6 news articles »
Source: Google News

Autopsy pathology in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. -
CM Reichert, TJ O'Leary, DL Levens, CR Simrell, AM … - The American Journal of Pathology, 1983 - pubmedcentral.nih.gov
... AIDS may represent an infection by a previously undescribed organism, a mutant ... seemingly
irreversible ablation of the cell-mediated immune system, AIDS victims ...

An Immunomodulatory Molecule of Symbiotic Bacteria Directs Maturation of the Host Immune System -
SK Mazmanian, CH Liu, AO Tzianabos, DL Kasper - Cell, 2005 - Elsevier
... activates CD4 + T cells and represents a previously undescribed pathway of ... novel
biological activities shaped by coevolution with the host immune system. ...

… . I. Intestinal distribution, attachment, and relationship to the immune system of Giardia muris.
RL Owen, PC Nemanic, DP Stevens - Gastroenterology, 1979 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
... material from the lumen into the lymphoid system. ... normal mice but elicited a previously
undescribed intraluminal cellular immune response during ...

Intracellular Bacterial Biofilm-Like Pods in Urinary Tract Infections -
GG Anderson, JJ Palermo, JD Schilling, R Roth, J … - Science, 2003 - sciencemag.org
... because of the presence of an intact immune system and correspondingly ... Pods represent
a previously undescribed intracellular microbial community in which ...

Granulomatous Lobular Mastitis: Report of a Case with Previously Undescribed Histopathological … -
RA Axelsen, P Reasbeck - Pathology, 1988 - informaworld.com
... OF A CASE WITH PREVIOUSLY UNDESCRIBED HISTOPATHOLOGICAL ABNORMALITIES ... of oral
contraceptives, some formerly and some ... several tests of the immune system in one ...

The Protein Kinase Complement of the Human Genome -
G Manning, DB Whyte, R Martinez, T Hunter, S … - Science, 2002 - sciencemag.org
... Axl, 3, 0, 0, Immune system homeostasis. ... include the Ras pathway scaffold proteins
KSR (kinase suppressor of Ras) (23) and the previously undescribed KSR2, titin ...

Signal Regulatory Proteins in the Immune System -
EM van Beek, F Cochrane, AN Barclay, TK van den … - The Journal of Immunology, 2005 - Am Assoc Immnol
... Signal Regulatory Proteins in the Immune System. ... we provide a description of the
SIRP multigene family, including a number of previously undescribed SIRP genes ...

Identification of Immune System and Response Genes, and Novel Mutations Causing Melanotic Tumor … -
A Rodriguez, Z Zhou, ML Tang, S Meller, J Chen, H … - Genetics, 1996 - Genetics Soc America
... were screened for tissue specifc expression of lacZ in the immune system. ... present
these screens and the identification of six previously undescribed genes that ...

KSHV-and EBV-associated germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder -
MQ Du, TC Diss, H Liu, H Ye, RA Hamoudi, J … - Blood, 2002 - bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org
... describes 3 cases of a previously undescribed KSHV-associated ... germinal centers has
been previously described in ... to be constrained by a competent immune system. ...

Salmonella SsrB activates a global regulon of horizontally acquired genes -
MJ Worley, KHL Ching, F Heffron - Molecular Microbiology, 2000 - Blackwell Synergy
... as well as professional phagocytes of the immune system. ... encodes a type III secretion
system that injects ... SPI-2 reside within previously undescribed regions of ...

Source: Google Scholar

Pathogens use previously undescribed mechanism to sabotage host immune system

New research identifies a previously unknown enzymatic mechanism that subverts the early host immune response and promotes pathogenicity by manipulating a common signaling pathway in host cells. The research, published by Cell Press in the December 14th issue of Molecular Cell, may have important implications for the food industry and for development of new antibiotics. In addition, the results lead to intriguing questions about whether mammalian cells can make use of a similar mechanism for potentially permanent and irreversible posttranslational modifications.

Many gram-negative bacterial pathogens have evolved specialized mechanisms for disrupting the ability of host cells to activate innate immune responses that will provide immediate defense against infection. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways play key roles in activating host innate immune responses and are frequent targets of pathogenic effectors in both plants and animal systems. All MAPKs contain a threonine -X-tyrosine motif and require phosphorylation of both threonine and tyrosine for activation. Previous work demonstrated that members of the OspF family, including OspF from Shigella and SpvC from Salmonella, are phosphothreonine lyases that promote pathogenicity by directly targeting and irreversibly inhibiting the activation of MAPKs.

Dr. Feng Shao from the National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing and colleagues used mass spectrometry to examine the mechanism underlying inactivation of MAPKs by the OspF family of effectors. The researchers determined the crystal structure of SpvC and its complex with a phosphopeptide substrate. The enzyme-substrate complex revealed how SpvC docks with activated MAPK by recognizing the phosphotyrosine and then maneuvers the phosphothreonine into the enzyme active site. These data implicated the MAPK p38 as the likely preferred substrate for OspF and SpvC during bacterial infection because it has the required conformational flexibility for this interaction. The researchers went on to identify a previously unknown catalytic mechanism of acid-base mediated "-elimination of phosphoserine/phosphothreonine that irreversibly inactivated the kinase.

“Our data provide biochemical and structural evidence for specific recognition of the dual phosphorylated MAPK substrates by the OspF family of phosphothreonine lyases and explain the enzyme’s differential activities towards different MAPK substrates,” explains Dr. Shao. Further, as phosphorylation of serine and threonine residues is widely used as a regulatory mechanism in mammalian cells, the researchers speculated that phosphoserine or phosphothreonine lyases might exist in eukaryotes and serve as post-translational modification enzymes that irreversible dephosphorylate kinases or other phosphorylated substrates.

###

The researchers include Yongqun Zhu, National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China, and National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Hongtao Li,National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China; Chengzu Long, National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China; Liyan Hu,National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China; Hao Xu,National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China; Liping Liu, National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China; She Chen, National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China; Da-Cheng Wang, National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and Feng Shao, National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China.
 
 
 
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