Iconocast Logo

Welcome To Iconocast

How to add a URL link from your web site to the Iconocast web sites

Virtual tour of Southern California
blank

 

Recent News and Articles on the Keywords: person's likeability + subliminal + smells  Related to the article below (Last Update: 5/5/2008)

Volume 18, 2007
A Options, TOC Latest - logo, 2007 - ingentaconnect.com
... Holt, Embodied Preference Judgments: Can Likeability Be Driven ... and Jay A. Gottfried,
Subliminal Smells Can Guide ... and Eshkol Rafaeli, Within-Person Changes in ...

Volume 18, 2007
A Abramowicz - Psychological Science, 2007 - Blackwell Synergy
... Holt, Embodied Preference Judgments: Can Likeability Be Driven ... and Jay A. Gottfried,
Subliminal Smells Can Guide ... and Eshkol Rafaeli, Within-Person Changes in ...

-
M El-Nokaly, ML Hilton, KL Doyle, DR Schaiper, A … - US Patent 7,213,600, 2007 - Google Patents
... that a person's physiological reac -tion to an odorant may depend on their
psychological response to the odorant, ie, whether or not the person likes the odor. ...
-

[BOOK] Social Cognition: How Individuals Construct Social Reality -
H Bless, K Fiedler, F Strack - 2004 - books.google.com
... see" colour or size, they can "hear" pitch, they can "smell" scent, and ... For example,
we cannot directly observe the "aggressiveness" of a particular person. ...

Evaluative conditioning in social psychology: Facts and speculations -
E Walther, B Nagengast, C Trasselli - Associative Learning of Likes and Dislikes, 2005 - books.google.com
... Y"). The result ofthis manipulation was assessed with direct (ie, likeability ratings)
as ... when participants first formed an attitude about one person, and then ...

Fabrizia Ramondino
J USHER - The New Italian Novel, 1997 - books.google.com
... than the coy use of the first person earlier in ... It is a subliminal, almost
Ariostesque'entrelacement', with ... or even of the general likeability and innocence ...

[PDF] Semantic processing precedes affect retrieval: The neurological case for cognitive primacy in visual … -
J Storbeck, MD Robinson, ME McCourt - Review of General Psychology, 2006 - people.virginia.edu
... Thus, the primary difference between subliminal and optimal ... importance here, seeing
the same person?s face from ... in processing enhance the likeability of the ...
-

[BOOK] Controversies in Psychology -
P Banyard - 1999 - books.google.com
... Subliminal perception 59 ... According to Skinner, the reason I behave well or badly
is not because I am a good or bad person but because of the reinforcements and ...

A Note on the Role ofAdvertising in Memory Creation and Memory Reconstruction of Experiences
R M?RTENSON - Branding and Advertising, 2003 - books.google.com
... be negative, eg bad service, or positive, pleasant personal encounters, smells,
colours, etc ... of earlier research on retrieval showed that a person's memory for ...
-

Affective Priming
KC Klauer - European Review of Social Psychology, 1997 - informaworld.com
... & Zajonc, 1995; Niedenthal, 1990). Krosnick et af. (1992), for example, presented
slides of a person going about normal daily activities. ...

Source: Google Scholar

Subliminal smells bias perception about a person's likeability

EVANSTON, Ill. --- Anyone who has bonded with a puppy madly sniffing with affection gets an idea of how scents, most not apparent to humans, are critical to a dog’s appreciation of her two-legged friends. Now new research from Northwestern University suggests that humans also pick up infinitesimal scents that affect whether or not we like somebody.

“We evaluate people every day and make judgments about who we like or don’t like,” said Wen Li, a post-doctoral fellow in the Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease Center at Northwestern’s Feinberg School of Medicine and lead author of the study. “We may think our judgments are based only on various conscious bits of information, but our senses also may provide subliminal perceptual information that affects our behavior.”

“Subliminal Smells Can Guide Social Preferences” was published in the December issue of Psychological Science. Besides Li, the study’s co-investigators include Isabel Moallem, Loyola University; Ken Paller, professor of psychology in the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences at Northwestern; and Jay Gottfried, assistant professor of neurology at Feinberg and senior author of the paper.

Minute amounts of odors elicited salient psychological and physiological changes that suggest that humans get much more information from barely perceptible scents than previously realized.

To test whether subliminal odors alter social preferences, participants were asked to sniff bottles with three different scents: lemon (good), sweat (bad) and ethereal (neutral). The scents ranged from levels that could be consciously smelled to those that were barely perceptible. Study participants were informed that an odor would be present in 75 percent of the trials.

Most participants were not aware of the barely perceptible odors. After sniffing from each of the bottles, they were shown a face with a neutral expression and asked to evaluate it using one of six different rankings, ranging from extremely likeable to extremely unlikeable.

People who were slightly better than average at figuring out whether the minimal smell was present didn’t seem to be biased by the subliminal scents.

“The study suggests that people conscious of the barely noticeable scents were able to discount that sensory information and just evaluate the faces,” Li said. “It only was when smell sneaked in without being noticed that judgments about likeability were biased.”

The conclusions fit with recent studies using visual stimuli that suggest that top-down control mechanisms in the brain can be exerted on unconscious processing even though individuals have no awareness of what is being controlled.

“When sensory input is insufficient to provoke a conscious olfactory experience, subliminal processing prevails and biases perception,” Paller said. “But as the awareness of a scent increases, greater executive control in the brain is engaged to counteract unconscious olfaction.”

The acute sensitivity of human olfaction tends to be underappreciated. “In general, people tend to be dismissive of human olfaction and discount the role that smell plays in our everyday life,” said Gottfried. “Our study offers direct evidence that human social behavior is under the influence of miniscule amounts of odor, at concentrations too low to be consciously perceived, indicating that the human sense of smell is much keener than commonly thought.”

The study adds to a growing body of research suggesting that subliminal sensory information -- whether from scents, vision or hearing -- affects perception. “We are beginning to understand more about how perception and memory function,” Paller said, “by taking into account various types of influences that operate without our explicit knowledge.”

###

NORTHWESTERN NEWS: www.northwestern.edu/newscenter/
 
 
 
Google
Web www.iconocast.com

Search inside Iconocast for the keyword you have in mind.

Iconocast has collected more than 50,000 articles and press releases on health and science.

These are current and most up to date press releases on the subject you are searching.

We collect current health and science press releases daily from more than 5000 research and health institutes. Here is an example : The elderberry way to perfect skin

We believe if you do search inside Iconocast, you will get better results than searching the web alone.

 
 
ALL THE NEWS : News1 ; News2 ; News3 ; News4 ; News5 ; News6 ; News7 ; News8 ; News9 ; News9A


ADVERTISEMENT

Iconocast is about learning and teaching without borders; we offer eMarketing, Internet Advertising, Internet Marketing, Search Engine Optimization, Search Engine Marketing, Online Branding, and eMarketing News Services.

 

Iconocast Home Page

Contact Iconocast

© 2003-07. ICONOCAST is a trademark of iconocast.com.