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Recent News and Articles on the Keywords: researchers have + researchers identified + brain  Related to the article below (Last Update: 7/1/2008)


Telegraph.co.uk
Scientists Identify the Brain?s Activity Hub
New York Times, United States -
In the study, a collaboration that included the University of Lausanne in Switzerland, Harvard and Indiana University, researchers studied the brains of ...
Scientists map human brain in startling detail Economic Times
New Map IDs The Core Of The Human Brain Science Daily (press release)
all 19 news articles »
Researchers Link Early Stem Cell Mutation To Autism
Science Daily (press release) -
In this new research, we show that knocking out MEFC2 in the brain results in mice with smaller brains, fewer neurons and reduced neuronal activity. ...
Ebb and flow of talent
guardian.co.uk, UK -
The fear is that by discouraging visiting researchers, the new rules could have a knock-on effect on international recruitment as a whole. ...
Lundbeck, Myriad Alzheimer's Drug Fails in Study (Update2)
Bloomberg -
While Alzheimer's was first identified in 1906, research into the disease accelerated 20 years ago when researchers identified a handful of genes that ...CPH:LUN - MYGN

Barchester Healthcare
Study reports risk of 'silent stroke'
Barchester Healthcare, UK -
In related news, researchers led by Herng-Ching Lin, a professor at Taipei Medical University School of Health Care Administration, have identified sudden ...
Journey to the center of the brain
Science News -
Most researchers are interested only in ?what goes up,? Raichle says, but he was interested in the areas that decreased activity. ...
The Brain's 'Sense of Adventure' Is Identified
New York Sun, United States - Jun 29, 2008
Scientists now believe that they could have a much more powerful effect in women than in men. Researchers looked at the scores of almost 4000 IQ tests taken ...

ABC News
Researchers identify gene linked to Alzheimer's
Dallas Morning News, TX - Jun 25, 2008
Until now, only one gene had been identified as a likely culprit ? ApoE4. Now, Philippe Marambaud of the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research in ...
Toxic Key To Alzheimer?s Disease Memory Loss Identified Science Daily (press release)
Gene linked to Alzheimer's identified Xinhua
New Gene for Alzheimer's Discovered, Scientists Say (Update1) Bloomberg
The Money Times - PR Web (press release)
all 623 news articles »
Senior notes: Brain injuries cause half of seniors' fall deaths
Fort Worth Star Telegram, TX - Jun 30, 2008
CDC researchers found that slightly more than half of the deaths were attributed to brain injuries. The other deaths were due to a variety of causes ...
Migraine Mutations Reveal Clues To Biological Basis Of Disorder
Science Daily (press release) -
Researchers in Europe had identified three mutations associated with the condition and contacted George about studying the cellular effects of these ...
Source: Google News

The Stanley Foundation brain collection and Neuropathology Consortium -
EF Torrey, M Webster, M Knable, N Johnston, RH … - Schizophrenia Research, 2000 - Elsevier
... begun in 1994 to promote research on schizophrenia ... the personnel associated with
it have collaborated closely ... without charge to qualified researchers worldwide ...

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder -
RA Barkley - 1998 - sciamdigital.com
... age chil- dren worldwide have ADHD; research- ers have ... Because researchers have tra-
ditionally viewed ADHD as a ... the realm of attention, some have sug- gested ...

Addiction Is a Brain Disease, and It Matters -
AI Leshner - Focus, 2003 - Am Psychiatric Assoc
... Researchers have also identified and cloned the major receptors for ... In addition,
they have elaborated many of the ... Research has also begun to reveal major ...

Introduction -
Z Hall, FE Bloom, G Fischbach - Neurobiology of Disease, 2000 - Elsevier
... of neuroscience, it is obvious that they have long relied on ... pro- vided a means for
researchers to advocate ... and color dyes used in textiles for brain research. ...

CANCER RESEARCH: Mutant Stem Cells May Seed Cancer -
J Marx - Science, 2003 - sciencemag.org
... the 15 September issue of Cancer Research, a team ... The researchers found that a variety
of brain cancers ... neural stem cells and do not have markers characteristic ...

Emotion, Memory and the Brain -
J LeDoux - Special Editions, 2002 - Scientific American
... One quite rewarding area of research has been the inquiry ... help to ensure that the
animals have not already ... A decade ago, researchers in my labo- ratory and ...

The Emotional Brain, Fear, and the Amygdala -
J LeDoux - Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, 2003 - Springer
... events that preceded modern research on conditioned fear. ... The Emotional Brain, Fear,
and the Amygdala ... of the circuitry identified, researchers have turned to ...

[BOOK] Nursing Research: Principles and Methods -
DF Polit, CT Beck - 2004 - books.google.com
... the fact that research is an evidence- building enterprise. We stress throughout
that the decisions researchers make in designing and implementing a study have ...

[BOOK] Teaching with the brain in mind -
E Jensen - 2005 - nuatc.org
... you may want to have participants discuss ... 4); clinical studies (professional researchers
conducting monitored ... Jensen describes what research has revealed about ...

[PDF] The problem of functional localization in the human brain -
M Brett, IS Johnsrude, AM Owen - dementia, 1996 - airto.bmap.ucla.edu
... The Huntington?s Disease Collaborative Research Group ... For example,in auditory
cortex,researchers have found areas ... identified by the position of the calcarine ...
-

Source: Google Scholar

Stress; Researchers have identified a gene-regulating protein in the brains of mice that triggers the animals' ability to cope with the "behavioral despair" caused by inescapable stress. They said their studies have yielded an animal model of resilience that they will use to explore how antidepressants work on the brain circuitry involved in such stress response.
Led by Eric Nestler, the researchers published their findings in the journal Neuron, published by Cell Press.

In earlier studies, Nestler and his colleagues showed that exposure to repeated stress caused an increase in a protein called ∆FosB in the brain. This protein is a "transcription factor," a regulatory protein that controls the activity of multiple target genes.

In the new experiments, they sought to explore the role of ∆FosB in regulating adaptation to stress. Their approach involved first exposing mice to random shocks from which the animals could not escape. Such repeated exposure to inescapable stress tends to increase the lag time for mice to escape subsequent shocks, when they are given the chance to escape.
Measuring this lag time, or the complete failure to escape, gave the researchers a measure of "behavioral despair." This experimental approach has long been used as an animal model of human "affective disorders" such as depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and bipolar disorder. As in humans with such disorders, this behavioral despair in mice responds to antidepressants.

Nestler and colleagues discovered that the mice that showed the smallest lag in escape times also had higher levels of ∆FosB in a brain region involved in processing of pain signals and defensive responses. In contrast, animals with either longer escape lag times or failure to escape showed lower ∆FosB levels.

What's more, when the researchers introduced higher levels of the gene for ∆FosB into mice, they found it reduced the level of behavioral despair as reflected in their readiness to escape shocks.

The researchers also established that increased ∆FosB levels in the mice decreased the activity of the gene for a protein called "substance P¡" known to regulate processes such as mood, pain sensitivity, anxiety, and stress

"Our present results provide a fundamentally novel and testable model for the mechanisms of resilience," concluded the researchers. "Our future studies will test the hypothesis that antidepressant treatments may enhance resilience by stimulating these same adaptive processes which occur spontaneously in some, but not all, of the individuals in a population exposed to chronic stress," they wrote.

The researchers include Olivier Berton, Herbert E. Covington 3rd, Nadia M. Tsankova, Tiffany L. Carle, Paula Ulery, Akshay Bhonsle, Vaishnav Krishnan, Shari Birnbaum, and Eric J. Nestler of The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; Michel Barrot of European Neuroscience Institute of Strasbourg and Unit Mixte de Recherche 7519, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Universit Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg; Karl Ebner, Georg M. Singewald, and Nicolas Singewald of University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck; Rachael L. Neve of Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont.

This work was supported by grants from the National Institute of Mental Health, the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression, and la Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale.

Berton et al.: "Induction of ¦ÄFosB in the Periaqueductal Gray by Stress Promotes Active Coping Responses." Publishing in Neuron 55, 289¨C300, July 19, 2007. DOI 10.1016/j.neuron.2007.06.033. http://www.neuron.org/.

Source: Erin Doonan
Cell Press
 
 
 
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