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Recent News and Articles on the Keywords: human transplants + pig-to-human transplants + pigs  Related to the article below (Last Update: 5/5/2008)

Kidney transplant candidates in limbo after Philippines closes gates
Jerusalem Post, Israel - 8 minutes ago
In 2003 he established Haverim, an organization that matches people in need of various kinds of medical help - from kidney, heart or liver transplants to ...
Philippines Restricts Organ Transplants to Foreigners
findingDulcinea, New York -
... calls the country ?a world ?hotspot? for human organ trafficking.? In the United States alone, nearly 100000 people are waiting for organ transplants. ...
New type of stem cells may help regenerate heart tissues
The UCLA Daily Bruin, CA -
Induced pluripotent stem cells are particularly useful when considering the effects of heart transplants on the human immune system. ...
Rethink on transplants
The Australian, Australia - Apr 24, 2008
AUSTRALIA will rethink its moratorium on animal-to-human transplants, potentially opening the door to the use of new therapies such as insulin-producing pig ...
Humans ?to grow replacement body
Times Online, UK - May 4, 2008
The advance could make many transplants unnecessary and allow the regeneration of brain tissue and limb parts. Research is under way to understand how some ...
Celgene Transplants Human Placenta-Derived Stem Cells in Cancer ...
NJBIZ, NJ - May 2, 2008
(Nasdaq: CELG) in Warren, today announced "a groundbreaking transplant" of stem cells derived from human placenta to help treat a cancer patient. ...CELG

Sydney Morning Herald
Sell your kidney for $50000, says specialist
Sydney Morning Herald, Australia -
He said a meeting in Turkey at the weekend found that travel for transplants and organ trafficking was "rampant" worldwide, with about 10 per cent of ...

Boston Globe
Dissatisfied with congress? Scientists try to help.
Boston Globe, United States - May 4, 2008
"Bonk" covers sex machines and vibrators, testicular transplants and penile implants, paraplegic sex and vaginal photoplethysmographs (the "acrylic probe" ...
Church to help solve problem on transplants
Tempo, Philippines - May 1, 2008
... of the Philippines (CBCP) announced that they are ready to be part of a special team that will screen all human organ transplants in the country. ...

Telegraph.co.uk
John Brinkley, pioneer quack
Telegraph.co.uk, United Kingdom - Apr 17, 2008
Though Brinkley occasionally performed human-to-human transplants, on the whole he stuck to goats. He claimed his goat glands cured insanity as well as ...
Source: Google News

Anti-pig IgM antibodies in human serum react predominantly with Gal (alpha 1?3) Gal epitopes -
MS Sandrin, HA Vaughan, PL Dabkowski, IF McKenzie - Proc Natl Acad Sci US A, 1993 - pubmedcentral.nih.gov
... Abstract. A major problem with pig-to-human-tissue xenograft studies is ... Carbohydrate
specificity of human immunoglobulin-M antibodies with pig ... Transplant Proc. ...

LIFE-SUPPORTING PIG-TO-PRIMATE RENAL XENOTRANSPLANTATION USING GENETICALLY MODIFIED DONORS. -
A Zaidi, M Schmoeckel, F Bhatti, P Waterworth, M … - Transplantation, 1998 - transplantjournal.com
... Transplant Proc 1994; 26: 1402 ... Removal of baboon and human antiporcine IgG and IgM
natural ... organ survival in an ex vivo model of pig-to-human xenotransplantation ...

HYPERACUTE LUNG REJECTION IN A PIG-TO-HUMAN TRANSPLANT MODEL: The Role of Anti-Pig Antibody and … -
RN Pierson III, W Kasper-Konig, DN Tew, VK Young, … - Transplantation, 1997 - transplantjournal.com
... 3 Transplant Unit, Papworth Hospital. ... Pig lung was consistently damaged by human
blood within 45 min ... to acute lung damage in the pig-to-human species combination ...

DELAYED XENOGRAFT REJECTION OF PIG-TO-BABBON CARDIAC TRANSPLANTS AFTER COBRA VENOM FACTOR THERAPY. -
T Kobayashi, S Taniguchi, FA Neethling, AG Rose, … - Transplantation, 1997 - transplantjournal.com
... production in baboons: implications for pig-to-human xenotransplantation. ... Rose AG,
Cooper DKC, Human PA, Reichenspurner H ... J Heart Lung Transplant 1991; 10: 223. ...

… (hCD55/hCD59) PORCINE LIVERS: Clinical Results and Lack of Pig-to-Human Transmission of the Porcine … -
MF Levy, J Crippin, S Sutton, G Netto, J McCormack … - Transplantation, 2000 - transplantjournal.com
... own liver to recover, obviating the need for a transplant. ... this manner is the threat
of pig-to-human transmission of ... shown to be unable to infect human cells (9 ...

ORTHOTOPIC HEART TRANSPLANTATION IN A TRANSGENIC PIG-TO-PRIMATE MODEL1. -
M Schmoeckel, FNK Bhatti, A Zaidi, E Cozzi, PD … - Transplantation, 1998 - transplantjournal.com
... shown to occur in the pig-to-human xenocombination(2 ... the pathogenesis of acute vascular
rejection early after transplant. ... In this respect, a human CD59 and hDAF ...

THE [alpha]-1, 3-GALACTOSYLTRANSFERASE KNOCKOUT MOUSE: Implications for Xenotransplantation 1. -
RG Tearle, MJ Tange, ZL Zannettino, M Katerelos, … - Transplantation, 1996 - transplantjournal.com
... of Gal(a1,3) Gal as the major epitope for pig-to-human vascularised xenografts.
Transplant Rev 1994; 8: 134 ... Natural antibodies and human xenotransplantation. ...

The role of antibodies in dysfunction of pig-to-baboon pulmonary transplants -
CL Lau, WC Daggett, MF Yeatman, P Chai, SS Lin, AJ … - The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2000 - AATS/WTSA
... Hyperacute lung rejection in a pig-to-human transplant model. ... Evidence of human
non-a-galactosyl antibodies involved in the hyperacute rejection of pig lungs ...

… carbohydrate antigens on pig tissues: implications for organ xenotransplantation in the pig-to-human … -
R Oriol, F Barthod, AM Bergemer, Y Ye, E Koren, … - Transplant International, 1994 - Springer
... in the pig-to-human model ... Its histological location at the surface of pig vascular
en- dothelial cells makes it a target for human natural anti-cGal ...

… Elicited Antibodies in Pig-to-Baboon Heart Transplantation Using a Human Anti-Human CD154 mAb-Based … -
K Kuwaki, C Knosalla, FJMF Dor, B Gollackner, YL … - American Journal of Transplantation, 2004 - Blackwell Synergy
... Protective effects of recombinant human antithrombin III in pig-to-human renal
xenotransplantation. Am J Transplant 2002; 2: 520? 525. Synergy. 32. ...

Source: Google Scholar

Pig To Human Transplantation Getting Closer
Experiments using pigs genetically engineered for compatibility with the human immune system have raised hopes that cross-species transplantation could soon become an option for patients with diabetes and other currently incurable diseases. However, many scientific hurdles remain before the ultimate goal of inducing long-term tolerance of animal tissues and organs in human recipients, according to a special paper in the July 15 issue of the journal Transplantation, published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a part of Wolters Kluwer Health.

"The potential benefits of successful xenotransplantation to large numbers of patients with very differing clinical conditions remain immense, fully warranting the current efforts being made to work towards its clinical introduction," concludes the article. The lead author is Dr. David Cooper of Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center.
Dr. Cooper and colleagues review progress to date with a strain of pigs genetically engineered in the hope of addressing chronic shortages of organs and tissues for transplantation. The animals lack the gene responsible for "alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase" (GT) an enzyme normally present in the pig vascular system. Humans have natural, preformed antibodies to GT, resulting in immediate (acute) rejection of any pig-to-human transplant.

The fact that these genetically engineered "GT-knockout" pigs lack GT removes one obstacle to cross-species transplantation, or xenotransplantation, between pigs and humans. Apart from the possible transplantation of organs such as the kidney or heart, pigs are also viewed as a potentially invaluable source of islet cells the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas for use in transplantation as a treatment for type 1 diabetes.

Preliminary studies have reported encouraging results with transplantation of organs from GT-KO pigs into nonhuman primates. Hearts transplanted from GT-KO pigs into baboons have survived for several months, without the need for intensive drug treatment to suppress the recipient animal's immune system.

However, many obstacles remain to be overcome before exploratory studies of xenotransplantation from GT-KO pigs to humans can begin. The transplanted hearts do not show the pattern of acute, overwhelming rejection typical of cross-species transplantation. However, there is evidence of another type of rejection, characterized by blood clots developing in the small blood vessels.

This suggests a possible "coagulation dysregulation" between pigs and primates. New approaches will be needed to address the problem: either improved approaches to immunosuppressant drug therapy or further genetic manipulation of the donor animals. Studies may also explore techniques of inducing immune tolerance between the animal donor and human recipient before the transplantation procedure is done an approach that is not generally possible in human-to-human transplantation.

The development of GT-KO pigs has been a significant advance toward making xenotransplantation a reality. However, "these organ-source pigs have not proved the 'quantum leap' that had been hoped, and there are clearly other immunologic problems that require resolution before a clinical trial can be initiated," according to Dr. Cooper and colleagues. More research is needed to identify the nature of the human antibodies to GT, and perhaps to further modify the GT-KO pigs to overcome the observed blood clotting problems.
"Advances in these areas might allow the initiation of clinical trials of xenotransplantation, at least for cell or islet transplantation or for the use of a pig organ to 'bridge' a patient until a human organ is obtained," Dr. Cooper and coauthors write. They conclude, "The potential benefits of successful xenotransplantation to large numbers of patients with very differing clinical conditions remain immense, fully warranting the current efforts being made to work towards its clinical introduction."

About Transplantation: The Official Journal of The Transplantation Society

The most cited and influential journal in the field (with over 20,000 citations a year), Transplantation (http://www.transplantjournal.com), a Lippincott Williams & Wilkins journal, is published twice monthly and provides extensive coverage of the most important advances in transplantation. Consistently ranked among the top journals in transplantation, surgery and immunology, the journal covers areas including cell therapy and islet transplantation, clinical transplantation, experimental transplantation, immunobiology and genomics, and xenotransplantation.

About Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (http://LWW.com) is a leading international publisher for healthcare professionals and students with nearly 300 periodicals and 1,500 books in more than 100 disciplines publishing under the LWW brand, as well as content-based sites and online corporate and customer services. LWW is part of Wolters Kluwer Health, a leading provider of information for professionals and students in medicine, nursing, allied health, pharmacy and the pharmaceutical industry. Wolters Kluwer Health is a division of Wolters Kluwer, a leading global information services and publishing company with annual revenues (2006) of €3.7 billion and approximately 19,900 employees worldwide. Visit WoltersKluwer.com.

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
530 Walnut St.
Philadelphia, PA 19106
United States
http://www.lww.com
 
 
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