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Recent News and Articles on the Keywords: fruit fly + embryo development + development  Related to the article below (Last Update: 5/12/2008)

The Wnt Signaling Pathway - A Retrospective Look at 25 Years of ...
Informationsdienst Wissenschaft (Pressemitteilung), Germany - May 7, 2008
However, the Wnt signaling pathway is not only active during development from the embryo to the mature organism, but also in stem cells. ...
Campus News in Brief
CMU The Tartan Online, PA - Apr 13, 2008
Three Carnegie Mellon researchers recently received the National Science Foundation?s Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) award, the most prestigious ...
How Cells Communicate To Activate The Cell Division Machinery May ...
Medical News Today (press release), UK - May 6, 2008
Notch and Wnt/Wingless play a key role in embryo development, cell growth (proliferation) and the transformation of cells into specialized types ...
Source: Google News

Comparison of the consensus sequence flanking translational start sites in Drosophila and … -
DR Cavener - Nucleic Acids Res, 1987 - Oxford Univ Press
... Development Home page JA Fischer-Vize, GM Rubin, and R. Lehmann The fat facets gene
is required for Drosophila eye and embryo development Development, December ...

Control of Cardiac Development by an Evolutionarily Conserved Transcriptional Network -
RM Cripps, EN Olson - Developmental Biology, 2002 - Elsevier
... of the linear heart tube in fruit flies and vertebrates ... initial steps of vertebrate
heart development is shown ... tube forms in the vertebrate embryo, it undergoes ...

Antibodies to horseradish peroxidase as specific neuronal markers in Drosophila and in grasshopper … -
LY Jan, YN Jan - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the …, 1982 - JSTOR
... monoclonal antibodies raised against grasshopper embryo (13), offers a fast and
easy way to monitor neural development. ... tracks was seen in the fruit fly and in ...

Gradients that organize embryo development -
C Nusslein-Volhard - Scientific American, 1996 - sciamdigital.com
... operating in the early embryo of the fruit fly, Dro- sophila. For most nonbiologists,
it is a surprise that many of the mechanisms of development are best ...

Temperature Effects on Embryonic Development in Insects -
RW Howe - Annual Reviews in Entomology, 1967 - Annual Reviews
... When the spread of hatching is only four to eight hours as in fruit flies at some
temperatures (74), it is possible to ... TEMPERATURE AND EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT 21 ...

Shaping animal body plans in development and evolution by modulation of Hox expression patterns -
G Gellon, W McGinnis - BioEssays - doi.wiley.com
... expresses mab-5 periodically during development, and a ... it Works in Drosophila In
the fruit fly, Hox transcriptional ... At this time, the embryo has an asymmetric ...

Structural Relationships among Genes That Control Development: Sequence Homology between the … -
MP Scott, AJ Weiner - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the …, 1984 - JSTOR
... regulate the development of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster ... of one part of
the fly into another ... and differentiation of segments in the developing embryo. ...

… and spatial distribution of the ELAV protein duringDrosophila melanogaster development -
S Robinow, K White - Journal of Neurobiology, 1991 - doi.wiley.com
... The fruit fly, Drosophilu rnelunoguster, offers an ideal system ... stages of development
express elm ... elm expression in material from embryonic, postembryonic, and ...

Distribution, classification, and development ofDrosophila glial cells in the late embryonic and … -
K Ito, J Urban, GM Technau - Development Genes and Evolution, 1995 - Springer
... experimental tools available, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster ... the types,
distribution and development of glial ... the Drosophila early embryonic CNS (Jacobs ...

Integrins in regulation of tissue development and function -
EHJ Danen, A Sonnenberg - The Journal of Pathology, 2003 - doi.wiley.com
... Cell adhesion is indispensable for embryonic development and for ... are indispensable
for the development of flies ... In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, five ...

Source: Google Scholar

Fruit Fly Embryo Development Study Might Change How Scientists Think About Life
The metamorphosis of biology into a science offering numerically precise descriptions of nature has taken a leap forward with a Princeton team's elucidation of a key step in the development of fruit fly embryos -- discoveries that could change how scientists think not just about flies, but about life in general.

While biologists have long known that the structure of adult animals follows a blueprint laid out in the early stages of embryonic development, classical biological experiments have provided only isolated "snapshots" of the development process, denying scientists a complete "movie" of it unfolding.
Now, by combining experimental methods from physics and molecular biology, the team has replaced these snapshots with the movie, allowing them to see the first steps of blueprint formation in the fly embryo literally live and in color. The first of two papers in the scientific journal Cell describes the sophisticated techniques required to make these movies, techniques that could help scientists investigate a wide variety of biological systems.

In the second paper, the group poses a new question, never before asked by scientists studying embryos: How precisely can cells in the embryo read the blueprint"

So precisely, the paper suggests, that a precious few molecules signaling a change can make a decisive difference.

"I think the prevailing view has been that cells accomplish all their functions using a complicated combination of mechanisms, each one of which is rather sloppy or noisy," said team member William Bialek, the John Archibald Wheeler/Battelle Professor in Physics. "This research, however, indicates that in the initial hours of a fly embryo's development, cells make decisions to become one part of the body or another by a process so precise that they must be close to counting every available signaling molecule they receive from the mother."

Three hours into a fly embryo's development, it remains a single large cell with an unusual characteristic: Unlike other cells, which have a single nucleus, the embryo has thousands, each of which awaits a signal from the mother to form itself into a specialized cell. This signal arrives in the form of a droplet of protein called Bicoid that enters the embryo at one end and, like food coloring in water, diffuses out molecule by molecule through the nuclei. The concentration decreases with distance and forms the first blueprint that defines which part of the embryo will become the head and which the backside of the fly.

The team's findings indicate that two neighboring nuclei can determine their different places and functions within the embryo accurately if the concentration of Bicoid between them varies by only about 10 percent -- a quantity that on the scale of the tiny embryo amounts to only a few molecules of Bicoid.

"This signaling requires a sensitivity approaching the limits set by basic physical principles," Bialek said. "Perhaps more important than the answers we have found so far, this work has led us to sharpen the kinds of questions we ask about living cells as we try to understand them with the same kind of mathematical precision that we understand the rest of the physical world."

The two papers constitute the Ph.D. research of first author Thomas Gregor, who is now pursuing postdoctoral work in the Department of Physics at the University of Tokyo. The project was a collaboration among three Princeton faculty members: Bialek, David Tank (the Henry L. Hillman Professor in Molecular Biology and professor of physics) and Eric Wieschaus (the Squibb Professor in Molecular Biology and 1995 Nobel laureate for his earlier contributions to understanding the development of the fruit fly embryo).


Article adapted


Source: Chad Boutin
Princeton University

 
 
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