Iconocast Logo

Welcome To Iconocast

How to add a URL link from your web site to the Iconocast web sites

Virtual tour of Southern California
blank

 

Recent News and Articles on the Keywords: lung transplants + transplants + humans  Related to the article below (Last Update: 5/12/2008)

Chemotherapy drug reduction may be possible
Belleville News Democrat,  USA - Apr 29, 2008
Such transplants often are the only treatment for children with severe lung disease, but such patients face more frequent infections, organ rejections and ...
Oncolytics Biotech Inc. Announces 2008 First Quarter Results
Canada NewsWire (press release), Canada - Apr 30, 2008
Eligible patients must have a bone or soft tissue sarcoma metastatic to the lung deemed by their physician to be unresponsive to or untreatable by standard ...
Oncolytics Biotech Inc. Announces 2008 First Quarter Results Trading Markets (press release)
all 14 news articles »  ONCY - OTC:CMTX
PetSmart sued over infected hamster blamed in 3 deaths
The Associated Press - Apr 16, 2008
The federal lawsuit alleges Thomas Magee, 54, and two other organ recipients died after transplants from a woman who had contracted a virus from a hamster ...
PetSmart Sued for Hamster Believed to Have Caused Three Deaths
TransWorldNews (press release), GA - Apr 17, 2008
The lawsuite alleges that 54 year old Thomas Magee, as well as two other organ recipients, died after transplants from a woman who was infected with a virus ...
Source: Google News

International standardization of criteria for the histologic diagnosis of renal allograft rejection: … -
K Solez, RA Axelsen, H Benediktsson, JF Burdick, … - Kidney Int, 1993 - nature.com
... J Heart, Lung Transplant 11:37?41, 1992; Croker BP, Salomon DR: Pathology ... Csajbak
E, Szenohradszky P: Tubular ultrastructure in rejected human renal allografts ...

Post-transplant obliterative bronchiolitis and other late lung sequelae in human heart-lung … -
CM Burke - Chest, 1984 - Am Coll Chest Phys
... Physicians. ARTICLES. Post-transplant obliterative bronchiolitis and other
late lung sequelae in human heart-lung transplantation. CM ...

… society for heart and lung transplantation: twentieth official adult lung and heart?lung transplant … -
EP Trulock, LB Edwards, DO Taylor, MM Boucek, PJ … - Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, 2003 - Elsevier
... The number of centers reporting heart?lung and lung transplants has gradually declined
since the mid-1990s (Figure 1). From a peak of 122 centers in 1996 ...

… CLINICAL SYMPTOMS THAN ANTIGENEMIA AND VIREMIA IN HEART AND HEART-LUNG TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS WITH … -
G Gerna, M Zavattoni, F Baldanti, A Sarasini, L … - Transplantation, 1998 - transplantjournal.com
... HUMAN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (HCMV) LEUKODNAEMIA CORRELATES MORE CLOSELY WITH CLINICAL
SYMPTOMS THAN ANTIGENEMIA AND VIREMIA IN HEART AND HEART-LUNG TRANSPLANT ...

Innate Immunity Influences Long-term Outcomes after Human Lung Transplant -
SM Palmer, LH Burch, AJ Trindade, RD Davis, WF … - American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2005 - 171.66.122.149
... genetically determined, reduced endotoxin responsiveness and reduced early lung
transplant rejection provides the first evidence in humans that activation of ...

… technique for predicting cytomegalovirus infection/pneumonitis in lung and heart transplant … -
JJ Egan, L Barber, J Lomax, A Fox, N Yonan, AN … - Thorax, 1995 - pt.wkhealth.com
... (Thorax 1995;50:9-13). Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection causes significant
morbidity and mortality in lung and heart transplant recipients. ...

INDIRECT RECOGNITION OF DONOR HLA CLASS I PEPTIDES IN LUNG TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS WITH BRONCHIOLITIS … -
KSR SivaSai, MA Smith, NJ Poindexter, SR … - Transplantation, 1999 - transplantjournal.com
... concentration of soluble human leukocyte antigen class I levels in the bronchoalveolar
lavage of human pulmonary allografts. J Heart Lung Transplant 1997; 16 ...

Enterocytozoon bieneusi as a cause of chronic diarrhea in a heart-lung transplant recipient who was … -
M Rabodonirina, M Bertocchi, I Desportes-Livage, L … - Clin Infect Dis, 1996 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
... 24(3):534-5. Enterocytozoon bieneusi as a cause of chronic diarrhea in a heart-lung
transplant recipient who was seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus. ...

Low-potassium dextran preservation solution improves lung function after human lung transplantation -
S Fischer, A Matte-Martyn, M de Perrot, TK Waddell … - The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2001 - AATS/WTSA
... the potential for improved human lung preservation. Encouraged by our own observations
and those of other groups, the Toronto Lung Transplant Program has now ...

Bronchiolitis Obliterans after Human Lung Transplantation -
M Estenne, MI Hertz - American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2002 - Am Thoracic Soc
... Post-transplant obliterative bronchiolitis and other late lung sequelae
in human heart-lung transplantation. Chest 1984;86:824?829. ...

Source: Google Scholar

Groundwork Laid For Rejection-Free Lung Transplants In Humans
Lung transplants have been performed successfully for more than 20 years in humans but never before in mice -- until now. Surgeons at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have developed the first mouse model of lung transplantation, and they're hoping it will help explain why the success of the procedure in humans lags far behind other solid organ transplants.

Ultimately, the mouse model could pave the way for developing new therapies to prevent lung transplant rejection -- a major problem that limits the long-term success of the procedure. The mouse model is described in the June issue of the American Journal of Transplantation.

Five years after lung transplant surgery, only about 45 percent of patients are still alive, according to the U.S. Organ and Procurement and Transplantation Network. This compares with five-year survival rates of about 70 percent for heart and liver transplants and about 80 percent for kidney transplants. About 1,000 lung transplants are performed each year in the United States.
"The high failure rate of lung transplants is a huge problem," says lung transplant surgeon Daniel Kreisel, M.D., Ph.D., an assistant professor of surgery and a lead investigator of the research. "Unlike other organs, lungs are constantly exposed to bacteria and viruses in the environment, and we think this exposure increases the risk of chronic rejection and the eventual failure of the organ. This is why the mouse model is so critical. It will allow us to understand the molecular mechanisms that control lung transplant rejection."

Lung transplants are the only treatment option for end-stage lung disease, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis and certain congenital lung defects. Following a transplant, patients must take drugs for the rest of their lives that suppress the immune system and prevent it from attacking the new lung. This leaves them vulnerable to upper respiratory infections, which can quickly develop into pneumonia.

Kreisel and others suspect that these illnesses alter the immune response and increase inflammation, which eventually lead to chronic rejection. They note that mainstay immunosuppressive drugs simply are not effective at preventing chronic rejection for lung transplants, and they hope the mouse model will reveal why.

"The current hypothesis is that lung transplant rejection is linked to chronic inflammation from transient viral or bacterial infections, and this can be aggravated by the fact that transplant recipients are taking immunosuppressive drugs," Kreisel says.

Mouse models for heart, liver and kidney transplants have existed for years, but developing a similar model for lung transplantation has proved to be a real technical challenge. Mouse lungs measure less than an inch in length and the pulmonary vein and artery, which carry blood to and from the heart, are as thin as human hair.

Mikio Okazaki, M.D., a postdoctoral fellow, adapted the lung transplantation technique used in rats to the mice. He uses synthetic cuffs to join the donor vessels with those of the recipient. Okazaki has successfully performed several hundred lung transplants in the mice, and the team's analysis indicates the model simulates the same immune response that occurs in humans following lung transplantation.

Before Okazaki and his Washington University colleagues developed the mouse model, researchers had been studying lung transplantation using a nonphysiological mouse model in which a small section of trachea from one mouse was transplanted under the skin of another. Although it was simple to create, the model did not accurately mimic lung transplantation. "It was a very artificial model that had little to do with reality, Okazaki says. "We think the new model will be far better for studying the underlying immune mechanisms that lead to rejection."
The new mouse lung transplant model has an advantage over those in rats and larger animals because the genetics of mice are well documented and their genes are easier to manipulate. "With the mice, we can selectively delete genes to study their function in the transplanted lung or in the recipient, which we've not been able to do effectively in other animal models," says Andrew Gelman, Ph.D., an assistant professor of surgery, who is a lead investigator of this research. "By understanding the genes that control lung graft survival, researchers will be able to better guide the development of therapies to counteract chronic rejection."

The mouse model also will allow the researchers to investigate how other transplant-related complications affect the long-term success of the procedure. Many lung transplant patients experience gastric reflux, and doctors suspect this acid exposure damages the lining of the lung and further exposes the organ to pathogens. The mouse model will let researchers evaluate whether gastric reflux increases the risk of lung rejection.

Additionally, the time between surgery to harvest a donor lung and transplant it into a patient is widely suspected to affect its overall function after transplant surgery. The mouse model will help pinpoint the inflammation that underlies damage to the organ when it can't be transplanted quickly and may lead to ways to prevent such injury.

Based on mouse models of other solid organ transplants, researchers have learned that different groups of immune cells contribute to rejection in different organs. "Rejection of the lung differs from rejection of the heart in terms of the cells that participate in that rejection," says Alexander Sasha Krupnick, M.D., assistant professor of surgery. "Every organ is different. What we've learned about rejection of the heart in mice does not apply to lungs. So we are thrilled to finally have an acceptable mouse model of lung transplantation to help us discover ways to increase the success of these transplants in humans."

Okazaki M, Krupnick AS, Kornfeld CG, Lai JM, Ritter JH, Richardson SB, Huang HJ, Das NA, Patterson GA, Gelman AE, Kreisel, D. A mouse model of orthotopic vascularized aerated lung transplantation. American Journal of Transplantation. June 2007.

Grants from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, the Thoracic Surgery Foundation for Research and Education, and Roche Pharmaceuticals supported this research.

Washington University School of Medicine's full-time and volunteer faculty physicians also are the medical staff of Barnes-Jewish and St. Louis Children's hospitals. The School of Medicine is one of the leading medical research, teaching and patient care institutions in the nation, currently ranked fourth in the nation by U.S. News & World Report. Through its affiliations with Barnes-Jewish and St. Louis Children's hospitals, the School of Medicine is linked to BJC HealthCare.

Source: Caroline Arbanas
Washington University School of Medicine
 
 
Google
Web www.iconocast.com

Search inside Iconocast for the keyword you have in mind.

Iconocast has collected more than 50,000 articles and press releases on health and science.

These are current and most up to date press releases on the subject you are searching.

We collect current health and science press releases daily from more than 5000 research and health institutes. Here is an example : The elderberry way to perfect skin

We believe if you do search inside Iconocast, you will get better results than searching the web alone.

 
 
ALL THE NEWS : News1 ; News2 ; News3 ; News4 ; News5 ; News6 ; News7 ; News8 ; News9 ; News9A


ADVERTISEMENT

Iconocast is about learning and teaching without borders; we offer eMarketing, Internet Advertising, Internet Marketing, Search Engine Optimization, Search Engine Marketing, Online Branding, and eMarketing News Services.

 

Iconocast Home Page

Contact Iconocast

© 2003-07. ICONOCAST is a trademark of iconocast.com.