Healthy eating program helps slim school kids
Last Updated: 2007-05-11 10:32:12 -0400 (Reuters Health)
By Maggie Fox
WASHINGTON - The kids voted for their favorite vegetables, school cafeteria staff more accustomed to warming up frozen dishes learned how to slice fresh fruit, and restaurants changed their menus.
And the experiment worked. A program that pulled a whole town into helping its children eat better and exercise more helped stop the kids from gaining too much weight, U.S. researchers reported on Thursday.
The children of Somerville, Massachusetts gained, on average, just less than a pound (half a kg) less than children who did not take part in the program, the researchers at Tufts University's school of nutrition in Boston found.
And it got them to eat broccoli.
For young children still growing rapidly, this was a significant success, study leader Christina Economos said in a telephone interview.
"All children are gaining weight because they are growing," she said. "We want to prevent weight gain over and above what they need to for development."
They did, Economos and colleagues report in the journal Obesity. Children who were overweight lost weight, or stopped gaining, and those who were lean continued to grow at a healthy rate.
Economos hopes the seeds of life-long healthy habits have been planted in these children.
They compared 600-odd children of Somerville to two other communities where life went on as normal. Their experiment incorporated the school lunchrooms, teachers, after-care, parents and even the local newspaper.
"There were taste-tests throughout the year. There was a fruit and vegetable of the month so that kids got to taste new things," Economos said.
The researchers used grants from the Centers from Disease Control and Prevention and other groups to buy knives and food processors for the school kitchen, glass display cases to promote yogurt and salads, and a new oven.
"Most school kitchens are equipped to re-heat food and not to cook," Economos said.
'COOL MOVES'
They gave teachers ways to incorporate lessons about healthy eating and exercise into the curriculum.
"Every day kids did 'cool moves' -- 10 minutes of physical activity in the form of dancing or stretching or they took a walk," Economos said. Children were encouraged to walk to school and exercise was added to after-school activities.
Parents were sent weekly tips, recipes and coupons for brown rice, whole grain bread and other healthful foods.
More than 20 restaurants added healthful items to their menus and the local newspaper ran weekly commentaries by the researchers on nutrition.
In Somerville, 44 percent of the children were overweight or at risk of being overweight at the start of the study. Similar numbers were overweight in the other two communities.
After a year, on average, the 6- to 9-year-olds had gained, on average, just under a pound (half a kg) less each than the children in the other two communities.
In children, healthy weights are tricky to measure but the researchers designated as overweight children above the 85th percentile in terms of body mass index, a calculation of weight versus height.
Economos knew there was no one easy way to make a difference but said the program, now in its third year, showed if communities do all the little things that logic dictates should work, they can make a difference.
"There are lots of communities around the country attempting to make changes and what this study tells us is they should persevere," she said. "Small changes can have a significant impact on children's weight."
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