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Recent News and Articles on the Keywords: cancer genetics + breast cancer + cancer  Related to the article below (Last Update: 8/4/2008)


Ottawa Citizen
How MRI Scans Find Breast Cancers Like Christina Applegate's
U.S. News & World Report, DC -
When I first heard that actress Christina Applegate had breast cancer, I wondered how the 36-year-old's tumor was detected. Did she find the lump herself, ...
AssociatedPress
NATION/WORLD BRIEFS Tampa Tribune
all 971 news articles »

Canada.com
Genetic discovery may lead to blood test for families with high ...
The Canadian Press, TORONTO -
Locke, 36, has not escaped her family's genetic propensity for cancer, although she is the only one to have survived. At 25, she was diagnosed with breast ...
Genetic discovery offers hope to family with legacy of cancer Canada.com
Genetic discovery may lead to new blood test for people at high ... Canada NewsWire (press release)
HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN Canada NewsWire (press release)
all 38 news articles »
German Association of Gynecology and Obstetrics Recommends HPV ...
MarketWatch -
Every year, cervical cancer affects nearly 500000 women worldwide and, after breast cancer, is the second-most-common malignancy in women. ...
US Commercial Market Widens for Distribution of First Multi-Factor ...
Business Wire (press release), CA -
OncoVue incorporates both gene-based information and personal history measures to determine a woman?s future risk of developing breast cancer. ...

코리아타임즈
Breast Cancer is Curable
코리아타임즈, South Korea - Aug 3, 2008
He is currently working on verifying the relations of certain forms of proteins causing breast cancer and how genetic factors affect the disease directly. ...
Health Front and Center
Publishers Weekly, NY -
Also new to this edition is an invaluable chapter on the genetics of breast cancer?including courses of action for women who are identified as carriers of ...

HealthNews
Identifying Cancer Cells Allows Tumor-Specific Treatment
HealthNews, CA -
The assumption is usually that the location of the cancer cells is a good identification tool, such as bladder, colon and breast cancer. ...
FDA Clears Test that Helps Identify Type of Cancer in Tumor Sample
Compliance Home, IA -
(Aug 08, 2008)-- The US Food and Drug Administration has cleared for marketing a test that can help health care professionals determine what type of cancer ...
Women living in modern cities are at a greater risk of breast cancer
Sunday Herald, UK - Aug 2, 2008
By Jasper Hamill A FIRM link between living in western-style cities and breast cancer has been established by Scottish scientists undertaking pioneering ...
Genetic testing brings new hopes, hard choices
Boston Globe, United States - Aug 3, 2008
Currently, the best-known such decisions stem from knowledge of the BRCA genes that convey vastly higher risks of breast and ovarian cancer. ...
Source: Google News

Breast and ovarian cancer incidence in BRCA1-mutation carriers. Breast Cancer Linkage Consortium. -
DF Easton, D Ford, DT Bishop - American Journal of Human Genetics, 1995 - pubmedcentral.nih.gov
... A large kindred with 17q-linked breast and ovarian cancer: genetic, phenotypic,
and genealogical analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1994 Feb 2;86(3):200?209. ...

Genetic analysis of breast cancer in the cancer and steroid hormone study. -
EB Claus, N Risch, WD Thompson - American Journal of Human Genetics, 1991 - pubmedcentral.nih.gov
... 1991 February; 48(2): 232?242. Copyright notice. Genetic analysis of breast
cancer in the cancer and steroid hormone study. EB ...

… care of individuals with an inherited predisposition to cancer. II. BRCA1 and BRCA2. Cancer Genetics … -
W Burke, M Daly, J Garber, J Botkin, MJ Kahn, P … - JAMA, 1997 - Am Med Assoc
... Indexing terms used were "genetics" in combination with "breast cancer," "ovarian
cancer," and "screening," or "surveillance" in combination with "cancer family ...

Identification of the breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA2. -
R Wooster, G Bignell, J Lancaster, S Swift, S Seal … - Nature, 1995 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
... Comment in: Nature. 1995 Dec 21-28;378(6559):762-3. Identification of the
breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA2. Wooster R, Bignell ...

… linkage analysis in familial breast and ovarian cancer: results from 214 families. The Breast Cancer … -
DF Easton, DT Bishop, D Ford, GP Crockford - American Journal of Human Genetics, 1993 - pubmedcentral.nih.gov
... Genetic epidemiology of breast cancer in Britain. Ann Hum Genet. ... Genetic epidemiology
of breast cancer: segregation analysis of 200 Danish pedigrees. ...

Gene-expression profiles in hereditary breast cancer -
I Hedenfalk, D Duggan, Y Chen, M Radmacher, M … - New England Journal of Medicine, 2001 - content.nejm.org
... Molecular Classification of Breast Carcinomas by Comparative Genomic Hybridization:
a Specific Somatic Genetic Profile for BRCA1 Tumors. Cancer Res 62: 7110 ...

Genetic Heterogeneity and Penetrance Analysis of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genes in Breast Cancer Families -
D Ford, DF Easton, M Stratton, S Narod, D Goldgar, … - The American Journal of Human Genetics, 1998 - UChicago Press
... susceptibility genes. These risks were based on a ?standard? genetic model
for breast cancer, derived by Claus et al. (1991), from ...

A Systematic Review Of Genetic Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Risk -
AM Dunning, CS Healey, PDP Pharoah, MD Teare, BAJ … - Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 1999 - AACR
... 8, 843-854, October 1999 ? 1999 American Association for Cancer Research Review.
A Systematic Review Of Genetic Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Risk 1. ...

[PDF] Interim analysis of the incidence of breast cancer in the Royal Marsden Hospital tamoxifen … -
T Powles, R Eeles, S Ashley, D Easton, J Chang, M … - Lancet, 1998 - cancer.duke.edu
... in our trial was based predominantly on a strong family history of breast cancer
whereas in the NSABP trial was mostly based on non-genetic risk factors. ...
-

Tissue microarrays for high-throughput molecular profiling of tumor specimens -
J Kononen, L Bubendorf, A Kallionimeni, M Baerlund … - Nature Medicine, 1998 - palgrave-journals.com
... 3 Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Medical ... each of the emerging cancer
gene candidates ... estrogen receptor expression in breast cancer demonstrates the ...

Source: Google Scholar
 

Genetics and Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women after skin cancer and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women after lung cancer. Many women with breast cancer have family members with a history of breast cancer, and scientists believe that vulnerability to breast cancer sometimes has a genetic (inherited) component. Mutations (inherited genetic variations) of two genes (segments of DNA that are biological units of heredity) appear to account for about five percent of breast cancers diagnosed annually in the United States. The July 28, 2004, issue of JAMA includes an article about using a computer program to help patients make decisions about genetic testing for breast cancer.

BRCA1 and BRCA2

  • BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BReast CAncer 1 and 2) are genes that have been discovered to play a role in some breast cancers.

  • Most women have two normal copies of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.

Article continues below and (thank you)
 
  • An estimated 250,000 women in the United States have a mutation in one of these genes.

  • Women in general have about a 12 percent chance (one in eight women) of developing breast cancer. Women with a BRCA1 or a BRCA2 mutation have up to an 87 percent lifetime risk of breast cancer. However, this means that at least 13 percent of women with these mutations will not develop breast cancer.

  • Women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations also have an increased lifetime risk of cancer of the ovaries — up to 54 percent for BRCA1 and up to 27 percent for BRCA2.

  • Women who test positive for BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations should undergo further screening and take additional precautions, including frequent and early breast self-examinations, clinical breast examinations (performed by a doctor), and regular mammograms. They may consider other risk reduction options including the use of chemopreventive agents, such as tamoxifen, surgical removal of the ovaries or surgical removal of the breasts.

  • Men with a BRCA2 mutation also have an increased risk of breast cancer-a six percent lifetime risk compared with the average lifetime risk of 0.1 percent in U.S. men.
Genetic Testing

Genetic testing can determine whether a person has a specific genetic mutation that can increase the risk of certain diseases or disorders. Genetic tests can detect mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Because most breast cancers are not caused by genetic mutations, genetic testing may only be of value if you believe you are at a high risk of having a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. You are more likely to have these mutations if:

  • There are three or more women with breast cancer in a single generation of your family
  • Women develop breast cancer at a young age in your family (younger than 50 years)
  • Breast cancers in the family are often found in both breasts
  • There are cases of breast and ovarian cancer in the same family
Genetic Counseling

Genetic counseling provides individuals and families with information about the risks, benefits, and limitations of genetic testing, an assessment of the probability of carrying a genetic mutation, and the options to consider if a mutation is found.

For More Information

Inform Yourself

To find this and other JAMA Patient Pages, go to the Patient Page link on JAMA's Web site at www.jama.com.

Sources: National Cancer Institute, American Cancer Society, Gilda's Club, Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation

Sharon Parmet, M.S., Writer
Cassio Lynm, M.A., Illustrator
Richard M. Glass, M.D., Editor

(JAMA. 2004; 292: 522)
Published in JAMA: June 28, 2004

The JAMA Patient Page is a public service of JAMA. The information and recommendations appearing on this page are appropriate in most instances, but they are not a substitute for medical diagnosis. For specific information concerning your personal medical condition, JAMA suggests that you consult your physician. This page may be photocopied noncommercially by physicians and other health care professionals to share with patients. Any other print or online reproduction is subject to AMA approval. To purchase bulk reprints, call (718) 946-7424.


© Copyright 2004 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
 
 
 
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